CSS - grid Property

CSS grid property is a shorthand property used to declare all explicit and implicit grid properties in one declaration.

It's a convenient and concise way to define the grid layout of an element. The grid property is a shorthand for the following individual grid-related properties:

grid-template-rows
grid-template-columns
grid-template-areas
grid-auto-columns
grid-auto-flow
grid-auto-rows
grid-gap (or grid-row-gap and grid-column-gap)

Possible Values

<grid-template> − Works the same as the grid template shorthand.
<grid-template-rows> / [ auto-flow && dense? ] <grid-auto-columns> − Sets grid-template-rows to the specified value (auto-flow or dense). If the auto-flow keyword is to the right of the slash, it sets grid-auto-flow to column. If the dense keyword is specified additionally, the auto-placement algorithm uses a "dense" packing algorithm. If grid-auto-columns is omitted, it is set to auto.
[ auto-flow && dense? ] <grid-auto-rows>? / <grid-template-columns> − Sets grid-auto-columns to the specified value. If the auto-flow keyword is to the left of the slash, it sets grid-auto-flow to row. If the dense keyword is specified additionally, the auto-placement algorithm uses a “dense” packing algorithm. If grid-auto-rows is omitted, it is set to auto.

Applies to

All the HTML elements.

DOM Syntax

object.style.grid = "<grid-template>|<grid-template-rows> / [ auto-flow && dense? ] <grid-auto-columns>| [ auto-flow && dense? ] <grid-auto-rows>? / <grid-template-columns>";

CSS grid - <grid-template>

The following example demonstrates that a grid set as grid: 100px/ 200px, has the first row 100px high and columns 200px wide −

<html>
<head>
<style>
   .grid-box {
      display: grid;
      grid: 100px / 200px; 
      gap: 10px;
   }
   .grid-box > div {
      background-color: red;
      border: 3px solid lightgreen;
      padding: 10px;
      text-align: center;
   }
</style>
</head>
<body>
   <div class="grid-box">
      <div>1</div>
      <div>2</div>
      <div>3</div>
      <div>4</div>
   </div>
</body>
</html>

CSS grid - minmax() / repeat()

The following example demonstrates that the use of grid: minmax(100px, min-content) / repeat(auto-fill, 50px); property.

minmax(100px, min-content) is used for row sizing. Here, the minmax function defines a minimum size of 100px and a maximum size dependent on the content.

repeat(auto-fill, 50px) is used for column sizing. The repeat function repeats the pattern for grid tracks. It uses auto-fill to create as many columns as possible within the available area, with each column having a fixed size of 50px.

<html>
<head>
<style>
   .grid-container {
      display: grid;
      grid: minmax(100px, min-content) / repeat(auto-fill, 50px);
      color: white;
      text-align: center;
      width: 300px;
   }
   .grid-container > div {
      background-color: red;
      border: 2px solid lightgreen;
      margin: 5px;
   }
</style>
</head>
<body>
   <div class="grid-container">
      <div>Grid item 1</div>
      <div>Grid item 2</div>
      <div>Grid item 3</div>
      <div>Grid item 4</div>
      <div>Grid item 5</div>
      <div>Grid item 6</div>
   </div>
</body>
</html>

CSS grid - auto-flow Value

The following example demonstrates that the use of the grid: auto-flow / 200px property sets row size to auto-flow, which automatically sizes the height of the row and set columns width to 200px −

<html>
<head>
<style>
   .grid-container {
      display: grid;
      grid: auto-flow / 200px;
      color: white;
      width: 300px;
      border: 2px solid lightgreen;
   }
   .grid-container > div {
      background-color: red;
      border: 2px solid lightgreen;
      padding: 10px;
   }
</style>
</head>
<body>
   <div class="grid-container">
      <div>Grid item 1</div>
      <div>Grid item 2</div>
      <div>Grid item 3</div>
      <div>Grid item 4</div>
      <div>Grid item 5</div>
      <div>Grid item 6</div>
   </div>
</body>
</html>

CSS grid - auto-flow dense Value

The following example demonstrates the use of grid: 100px 200px / auto-flow dense property. It specifies two rows with heights of 100px and 200px.

The columns are set to auto-flow dense, which automatically place items in the grid and dense, to fit as many grid elements as feasible without gaps.

<html>
<head>
<style>
   .grid-container {
      display: grid;
      grid: 100px 200px / auto-flow dense;
      color: white;
      width: 300px;
      border: 2px solid lightgreen;
   }
   .grid-container > div {
      background-color: red;
      border: 2px solid lightgreen;
      padding: 10px;
   }
</style>
</head>
<body>
   <div class="grid-container">
      <div>Grid item 1</div>
      <div>Grid item 2</div>
      <div>Grid item 3</div>
      <div>Grid item 4</div>
      <div>Grid item 5</div>
      <div>Grid item 6</div>
   </div>
</body>
</html>

CSS grid - [ auto-flow && dense? ] <grid-auto-rows>? / <grid-template-columns>

The following example demonstrates that the grid: auto-flow 50px / repeat(3, 150px) property sets the rows to auto-flow 50px, which automatically places items in the grid with row height set to 50px.

The repeat(3, 150px) specifies that there should be three columns, each 150px wide.

<html>
<head>
<style>
   .grid-container {
      display: grid;
      grid: auto-flow 50px / repeat(3, 150px);
      color: white;
      width: 300px;
      border: 2px solid lightgreen;
   }
   .grid-container > div {
      background-color: red;
      border: 2px solid lightgreen;
      padding: 10px;
   }
</style>
</head>
   <div class="grid-container">
      <div>Grid item 1</div>
      <div>Grid item 2</div>
      <div>Grid item 3</div>
      <div>Grid item 4</div>
      <div>Grid item 5</div>
      <div>Grid item 6</div>
   </div>
</body>
</html>

CSS grid - Related Properties

Following is the list of CSS properties related to grid:

property	value
display	Define whether an element is a grid container or an inline grid container.
gap	Defines the gap between rows and columns.
grid-area	Defines the location and size of the grid item within a grid layout.
grid-column	Control the placement of a grid item within the grid container in the column direction.
grid-row	Control the placement of a grid item within the grid container in the row direction.
grid-template	Specify the grid columns, grid rows and grid areas.
grid-auto-columns	Determines the size of automatically generated grid column tracks or a pattern of such tracks.
grid-auto-rows	Determines the size of automatically- generated grid rows tracks or a pattern of such tracks.
grid-auto-flow	Specifies arrangement of the grid item within the grid.