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CSS Function - matrix3d()
The CSS function matrix3d() is similar to the matrix() function, but specifies a 3D transformation represented by a homogeneous 4x4 matrix, resulting in a data type of <transform-matrix>.
Possible values
a1 b1 c1 d1 a2 b2 c2 d2 a3 b3 c3 d3 - These are <number>s describing the linear transformation.
a4 b4 c4 d4 - These are <number>s describing the translation to apply.
Syntax
The matrix3d() function is defined with 16 values described in column-major order.
matrix3d(a1, b1, c1, d1, a2, b2, c2, d2, a3, b3, c3, d3, a4, b4, c4, d4)
Each parameter (a1 through d4) corresponds to a specific value in the 4x4 matrix, representing a 3D transformation.
ai (where i is the row number and ranges from 1 to 4): Represents the elements in the ith row of the matrix.
bi (where i is the row number and ranges from 1 to 4): Represents the elements in the ith row of the matrix.
ci (where i is the row number and ranges from 1 to 4): Represents the elements in the ith row of the matrix.
di (where i is the row number and ranges from 1 to 4): Represents the elements in the ith row of the matrix.
CSS matrix3d() - Basic example
The following example demonstrates the usage of matrix3d() and also demonstrates a dynamic animation involving both translation and scaling effects
<html> <head> <style> html { width: 100%; } body { height: 100vh; display: flex; flex-flow: row wrap; justify-content: center; align-content: center; } .box { width: 150px; height: 150px; background: #FFAC1C; border-radius: 20px; text-align: center; line-height: 150px; color: white; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; animation: RotateScale 2s alternate linear infinite; } @keyframes RotateScale { from { transform: matrix3d( 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ); } to { transform: matrix3d( 1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ); } } </style> </head> <body> <div class="box"> matrix3d() example </div> </body> </html>
CSS matrix3d() - 3d Cube
The example demonstrates a 3d cube made from DOM elements and transformations. It can be interactively transformed using matrix3d() when hovered or focused.
<html> <head> <style> #custom-cube { width: 150px; height: 150px; transform-style: preserve-3d; transition: transform 1s; transform: rotate3d(1, 1, 1, 45deg); margin: 50px auto; } #custom-cube:hover, #custom-cube:focus { transform: rotate3d(1, 1, 1, 45deg) matrix3d( 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 6, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 50, 100, 0, 1.2 ); } .face { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; width: 100%; height: 100%; position: absolute; backface-visibility: inherit; font-size: 40px; color: #fff; } .front { background: rgba(255, 99, 71, 0.9); transform: translateZ(75px); } .back { background: rgba(0, 128, 0, 0.9); transform: rotateY(180deg) translateZ(75px); } .right { background: rgba(255, 165, 0, 0.9); transform: rotateY(90deg) translateZ(75px); } .left { background: rgba(0, 0, 255, 0.9); transform: rotateY(-90deg) translateZ(75px); } .top { background: rgba(218, 112, 214, 0.9); transform: rotateX(90deg) translateZ(75px); } .bottom { background: rgba(255, 0, 255, 0.9); transform: rotateX(-90deg) translateZ(75px); } </style> </head> <body> <section id="custom-cube" tabindex="0"> <div class="face front"> Face A</div> <div class="face back">Face B</div> <div class="face right">Face C</div> <div class="face left">Face D</div> <div class="face top">Face E</div> <div class="face bottom">Face F</div> </section> </body> </html>
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