Bootstrap - Floating Labels

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This chapter will discuss about Bootstrap floating labels. Floating labels refer to form labels that float over the input fields.

Basic example

  • To allow floating labels with Bootstrap's textual form fields, include a pair of <input class="form-control"> and <label> elements in .form-floating.

  • Each <input> must have a placeholder since the technique for CSS-only floating labels employs the :placeholder-shown pseudo-element. The <input> needs to be placed first to make use of a sibling selector like (~).

Example

You can edit and try running this code using Edit & Run option.

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Bootstrap - Floating Labels</title>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
        <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div class="form-floating mb-3 mt-2">
            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="floatingUsername" placeholder="tutorialspoint@example.com">
            <label for="floatingUsername">Username</label>
          </div>
          <div class="form-floating">
            <input type="password" class="form-control" id="floatingPassword" placeholder="Password">
            <label for="floatingPassword">Password</label>
          </div>
    </body>
    </html>

When a value is already assigned, <label> elements will automatically align their position to float over the input field.

Example

You can edit and try running this code using Edit & Run option.

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Bootstrap - Floating Labels</title>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
        <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <form class="form-floating mt-2">
            <input type="email" class="form-control" id="floatingInputValue" placeholder="tutorialspoint@example.com" value="tutorialspoint@example.com">
            <label for="floatingInputValue">Username</label>
          </form>
    </body>
    </html>

By using form validation styles like is-invalid, you can provide visual feedback to users when they submit incorrect data.

Example

You can edit and try running this code using Edit & Run option.

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Bootstrap - Floating Labels</title>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
        <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <form class="form-floating">
            <input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="floatingInvalidInput" placeholder="Password" value="Password">
            <label for="floatingInvalidInput">Invalid Password</label>
        </form>
    </body>
    </html>

Textareas

The height of <textarea> with the class .form-control is automatically set to have the same height as <input>.

Example

You can edit and try running this code using Edit & Run option.

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Bootstrap - Floating Labels</title>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
        <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div class="form-floating">
            <textarea class="form-control" placeholder="Text Here" id="floatingTextarea"></textarea>
            <label for="floatingTextarea">Text Here</label>
        </div>
    </body>
    </html>

Don't use the rows attribute if you want to customize the height of your <textarea>. Instead, specify a height explicitly (either inline or using customized CSS). In the below example we have used inline styling.

Example

You can edit and try running this code using Edit & Run option.

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Bootstrap - Floating Labels</title>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
        <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div class="form-floating">
            <textarea class="form-control" placeholder="Add a comment" id="floatingTextarea" style="height: 100px"></textarea>
            <label for="floatingTextarea">Add a comment</label>
        </div>
    </body>
    </html>

Selects

  • Floating labels are only accessible on .form-selects, in addition to .form-control.

  • The same concepts apply to them, except unlike <input>s, they always display the <label> in its floated state. Size-based and multiple selects are not supported.

Example

You can edit and try running this code using Edit & Run option.

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Bootstrap - Floating Labels</title>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
        <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div class="form-floating">
            <select class="form-select" id="floatingSelect" aria-label="Floating label select menu">
              <option selected>Language</option>
              <option value="1">English</option>
              <option value="2">Hindi</option>
              <option value="3">Marathi</option>
            </select>
            <label for="floatingSelect">Others</label>
          </div>
    </body>
    </html>

Disabled

Add the disabled boolean attribute on an input. This gives grayed-out appearance to an input, textarea, or select. It also removes pointer events, and prevents focusing.

Example

You can edit and try running this code using Edit & Run option.

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Bootstrap - Floating Labels</title>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
        <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div class="form-floating mb-3">
            <input type="email" class="form-control" id="floatingInputDisabled" placeholder="name" disabled>
            <label for="floatingInputDisabled">Name</label>
          </div>
          <div class="form-floating mb-3">
            <textarea class="form-control" placeholder="tutorialspoint@example.com" id="floatingEmailDisabled" disabled></textarea>
            <label for="floatingEmailDisabled">Email Id</label>
          </div>
          <div class="form-floating mb-3">
            <textarea class="form-control" placeholder="Add a comment" id="floatingTextareaDisabled" style="height: 120px" disabled></textarea>
            <label for="floatingTextareaDisabled">Add a comment</label>
          </div>
          <div class="form-floating">
            <select class="form-select" id="floatingSelectDisabled" aria-label="Floating label disabled select example" disabled>
              <option selected>Select Language</option>
              <option value="1">English</option>
              <option value="2">Hindi</option>
              <option value="3">Marathi</option>
            </select>
            <label for="floatingSelectDisabled">Others</label>
          </div>
    </body>
    </html>

Readonly plaintext

When switching from an editable <input> to a plaintext value without changing the page layout, .form-control-plaintext can be useful.

Example

You can edit and try running this code using Edit & Run option.

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Bootstrap - Floating Labels</title>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
        <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div class="form-floating mb-3 mt-2">
            <input type="text" readonly class="form-control" id="floatingEmptyPlaintextInput" style="height: 80px" placeholder="Block the comment" value="Block the comment">
            <label for="floatingEmptyPlaintextInput">Block the comment</label>
          </div>
          <div class="form-floating mb-3">
            <input type="text" readonly class="form-control" id="floatingPlaintextInput" style="height: 80px" placeholder="Add a comment" value="Add a comment">
            <label for="floatingPlaintextInput">Add a comment</label>
          </div>
    </body>
    </html>

Input groups

Similarly, floating labels support .input-group.

Example

You can edit and try running this code using Edit & Run option.

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Bootstrap - Floating Labels</title>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
        <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div class="input-group mb-3">
            <div class="form-floating">
              <input type="email" class="form-control" id="floatingInputGroup" placeholder="email">
              <label for="floatingInputGroup">Email Id</label>
            </div>
            <span class="input-group-text">tutorialspoint@example.com</span>
        </div>
    </body>
    </html>

The -feedback (it is a validation class to provide valuable feedback to users before submitting the form.) should be positioned outside of the .form-floating but inside of the .input-group when using .input-group and .form-floating along with form validation.

Example

You can edit and try running this code using Edit & Run option.

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Bootstrap - Floating Labels</title>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
        <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div class="input-group has-validation">
            <div class="form-floating is-invalid">
            <input type="text" class="form-control is-invalid" id="floatingInputGroup" placeholder="Password" required>
            <label for="floatingInputGroup">Password</label>
            </div>
            <div class="invalid-feedback">
                Wrong Password
            </div>
        </div>
    </body>
    </html>

Layout

  • When using a grid system, the implementation of floating labels layout becomes beneficial as it enables the placement of form elements within column classes.

  • There is no pre-defined classes in bootstrap, so we must utilize form classes and position them according to our requirement.

Example

You can edit and try running this code using Edit & Run option.

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Bootstrap - Floating Labels</title>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
        <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div class="row g-2">
            <div class="col-md">
              <div class="form-floating">
                <input type="email" class="form-control" id="floatingGrid" placeholder="tutorialspoint@example.com" value="tutorialspoint@example.com">
                <label for="floatingGrid">Email Id</label>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div class="col-md">
              <div class="form-floating">
                <select class="form-select" id="floatingSelectGrid">
                  <option selected>Language</option>
                  <option value="1">English</option>
                  <option value="2">Hindi</option>
                  <option value="3">Marathi</option>
                </select>
                <label for="floatingSelectGrid">Others</label>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
    </html>
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