CSS - rotate Property

The CSS property rotate is useful in specifying the rotation transformation of elements, independent of transform property.

This property is convenient for interface use, as you need not remember the order transform functions to be specific in the property transform.

Possible values

The CSS property rotate can have one of the following values:

  • angle value: Specifies an <angle> value to rotate an element through. Equivalent to rotate() 2D function.

  • x, y, or z axis name plus angle value: Determines the name of the axis around with the element needs to be rotated (x, y, or, z axis), along with an angle value determining the angle of rotation. Equivalent to a rotateX() / rotateY() / rotateZ() rotation functions in the 3D space.

  • vector plus angle value: Specifies three <number>s that represents a vector, which is a line around with the rotation needs to take place, along with an angle value determining the angle of rotation. Equivalent to a rotate3d() rotation function in 3D space.

  • none: Specifies no rotation to be applied.

Applies to

All the transformable elements.

Syntax

rotate = none | <angle> | [x | y | z | <number>{3} ] && <angle>

CSS rotate - Element Rotation

Following example demonstrates the use of rotate CSS property, with various ways of passing values:

<html>
<head>
<style>
   .box {
      display: inline-block;
      margin: 0.7em;
      min-width: 5.5em;
      line-height: 6.5em;
      text-align: center;
      transition: 2s ease-in-out;
      border: 2px solid black;
      background-color: lightgreen;
   }

   #rotate-box:hover {
      rotate: 60deg;
   }

   #rotate-x-box:hover {
      rotate: x 180deg;
   }

   #rotate-vector:hover {
      rotate: 0.8 1 0.5 360deg;
   }
</style>
</head>
<body>
   <h1>CSS Rotation Property</h1>
   <div class="box" id="rotate-box">rotate</div>
   <div class="box" id="rotate-x-box">rotate X</div>
   <div class="box" id="rotate-vector">vector with angle</div>
</body>
</html>
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