Selenium with JavaScript Tutorial

Selenium Webdriver can be used to execute JavaScript commands to interact with the html of the elements appearing within a browser on a web page. This is archived using the JavaScriptExecutor interface. One of the most common examples where JavaScript commands are used along with Selenium Webdriver is while performing a scrolling operation on a web page..

Methods to Run JavaScript Commands

There are various methods in the Selenium JavaScriptExecutor interface which can be used to run the JavaScript Commands.

Syntax

import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;
JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
js.executeScript(script, args);

Example to Execute JavaScript Commands in Selenium

Let us take an example of the below page, where we would launch an application with a URL: Selenium Automation Practice Form . Then we would obtain the text: Student Registration Form, and domain as www.tutorialspoint.com. Next we would enter the text JavaScript in the input box beside the Name: label.

Then, we would click on the Login button, after which we would be navigated to another page having a text as Welcome, Login In. Finally, we would refresh the browser and again obtain the text, URL and domain as Welcome, Login In,, Selenium Automation Practice Form, and www.tutorialspoint.com.

Code Implementation

package org.example;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.edge.EdgeDriver;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class JavaScriptSelenium {
   public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

      // Initiate the Webdriver
      WebDriver driver = new EdgeDriver();
      
      // adding implicit wait of 25 secs
      driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(25, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

      // Creating a reference variable JavaScriptExecutor interface.
      JavascriptExecutor j = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;

      // launching a URL
      j.executeScript("window.location ='https://www.tutorialspoint.com/selenium/practice/selenium_automation_practice.php'");

      // getting current URL
      String url =  j.executeScript("return document.URL;").toString();
      System.out.println("Getting the current URL: " + url);

      //identify text
      WebElement t = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='practiceForm']/h1"));
      String text = (String) j.executeScript("return arguments[0].innerText", t);
      System.out.println("Text is: " + text);

      // getting current domain
      String domain = j.executeScript("return document.domain;").toString();
      System.out.println("Getting the current domain: " + domain);

      // enter text in input box
      WebElement e = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='name']"));
      j.executeScript("arguments[0].value='JavaScript';", e);

      // get text entered
      String text1 = (String) j.executeScript("return arguments[0].value", e);
      System.out.println("Entered text is: " + text1);

      // perform click
      WebElement b = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='collapseTwo']/div/ul/li[2]/a"));
      j.executeScript("arguments[0].click();", b);

      //identify text
      WebElement w = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='signInForm']/h1"));

      // get text after click
      String text2 = (String) j.executeScript("return arguments[0].innerText", w);
      System.out.println("Text found after clicking: " + text2);

      // refresh browser
      j.executeScript("history.go(0)");

      // getting current URL after browser refresh
      String url1 =  j.executeScript("return document.URL;").toString();
      System.out.println("Getting the current URL after browser refresh: " + url1);

      //identify text again after refresh
      WebElement y = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='signInForm']/h1"));

      // get text after refresh
      String text3 = (String) j.executeScript("return arguments[0].innerText", y);
      System.out.println("Text found after refresh: " + text3);

      // getting current domain after browser refresh
      String domain1 = j.executeScript("return document.domain;").toString();
      System.out.println("Getting the current domain after browser refresh: " + domain1);

      // Quitting browser
      driver.quit();
   }
}

Output

Getting the current URL:
 https://www.tutorialspoint.com/selenium/practice/selenium_automation_practice.php
Text is: Student Registration Form
Getting the current domain: www.tutorialspoint.com
Entered text is: JavaScript
Text found after clicking: Welcome, Login In
Getting the current URL after browser refresh: 
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/selenium/practice/login.php
Text found after refresh: Welcome, Login In
Getting the current domain after browser refresh:
 www.tutorialspoint.com

Process finished with exit code 0

In the above example, we had launched a URL and obtained the current URL with the message in the console - Getting the current URL: Selenium Automation Practice Form. Then retrieved the text and domain with the message in the console - Text is: Student Registration Form and Getting the current domain: www.tutorialspoint.com respectively.

Next, we entered the text Selenium in an input box and retrieved its value with the message in the console - Entered text is: Selenium. Then, we clicked the Login link and got the text after navigation with the message in console: Text found after clicking: Check Box.

Finally, we had refreshed the page and obtained current URL, text and domain of the page with the messages in the console - Getting the current URL after browser refresh: Selenium Automation Practice Form, Text found after refresh: Check Box, and Getting the current domain after browser refresh: www.tutorialspoint.com respectively.

Finally, the message Process finished with exit code 0 was received, signifying successful execution of the code

In this tutorial, we had discussed how to use JavaScript using Selenium Webdriver.