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VBA - Operators
An Operator can be defined using a simple expression - 4 + 5 is equal to 9. Here, 4 and 5 are called operands and + is called operator. VBA supports following types of operators −
- Arithmetic Operators
- Comparison Operators
- Logical (or Relational) Operators
- Concatenation Operators
The Arithmatic Operators
Following arithmetic operators are supported by VBA.
Assume variable A holds 5 and variable B holds 10, then −
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| + | Adds the two operands | A + B will give 15 |
| - | Subtracts the second operand from the first | A - B will give -5 |
| * | Multiplies both the operands | A * B will give 50 |
| / | Divides the numerator by the denominator | B / A will give 2 |
| % | Modulus operator and the remainder after an integer division | B % A will give 0 |
| ^ | Exponentiation operator | B ^ A will give 100000 |
The Comparison Operators
There are following comparison operators supported by VBA.
Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 20, then −
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| = | Checks if the value of the two operands are equal or not. If yes, then the condition is true. | (A = B) is False. |
| <> | Checks if the value of the two operands are equal or not. If the values are not equal, then the condition is true. | (A <> B) is True. |
| > | Checks if the value of the left operand is greater than the value of the right operand. If yes, then the condition is true. | (A > B) is False. |
| < | Checks if the value of the left operand is less than the value of the right operand. If yes, then the condition is true. | (A < B) is True. |
| >= | Checks if the value of the left operand is greater than or equal to the value of the right operand. If yes, then the condition is true. | (A >= B) is False. |
| <= | Checks if the value of the left operand is less than or equal to the value of the right operand. If yes, then the condition is true. | (A <= B) is True. |
The Logical Operators
Following logical operators are supported by VBA.
Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 0, then −
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| AND | Called Logical AND operator. If both the conditions are True, then the Expression is true. | a<>0 AND b<>0 is False. |
| OR | Called Logical OR Operator. If any of the two conditions are True, then the condition is true. | a<>0 OR b<>0 is true. |
| NOT | Called Logical NOT Operator. Used to reverse the logical state of its operand. If a condition is true, then Logical NOT operator will make false. | NOT(a<>0 OR b<>0) is false. |
| XOR | Called Logical Exclusion. It is the combination of NOT and OR Operator. If one, and only one, of the expressions evaluates to be True, the result is True. | (a<>0 XOR b<>0) is true. |
The Concatenation Operators
Following Concatenation operators are supported by VBA.
Assume variable A holds 5 and variable B holds 10 then −
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| + | Adds two Values as Variable. Values are Numeric | A + B will give 15 |
| & | Concatenates two Values | A & B will give 510 |
Assume variable A = "Microsoft" and variable B = "VBScript", then −
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| + | Concatenates two Values | A + B will give MicrosoftVBScript |
| & | Concatenates two Values | A & B will give MicrosoftVBScript |
Note − Concatenation Operators can be used for both numbers and strings. The output depends on the context, if the variables hold numeric value or string value.