QTP - Designing Framework

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Let us design a simple framework by taking a sample application. We will automate a few scenarios of the application under test and write reusable functions.

The sample application under test is "Calculator", a default application that is available as a part of Windows. Let us now create different components of a framework. Here, we will develop a hybrid framework and use Object Repository as it is fairly a simple application. However, this framework can be scaled to support a complex application as well.

The folder structure of the Framework is as shown below −

QTP Framework Folder Structure

Explanation of the folder structure −

  • Master Driver Script − The Script that drives the entire execution. It performs prerequisite and initial settings that are required for the execution.

  • Library Files − The Associated Functions that forms the Function Library.

  • Data Table − The Test Data that is required for the Execution.

  • Object Repository − The Objects and its properties that enable QTP to recognize the objects seamlessly.

  • Execution Logs − The Folder contains the execution log file with user functions and function execution history.

Master Driver Script

'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 
' MASTER DRIVER SCRIPT NAME    : Calculator 
' DESCRIPTION                  : Drivers Script to Execute Automated Test for 
   the Calculator  
' AUTHOR                       : Tutorials Point 
' DATE CREATED                 : 30-Dec-2013 
' OBJECT REPOSITORY ASSOCIATED : Calc.tsr 
' LIBRARY FILES ASSOCIATED     : calculator.qfl, Common.qfl 
' MODIFICATION LOG

' ---------------------------------------------------- 
' First Version       Tutorials point 
'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =  
Option Explicit  

Public ExecDrive  

' Get the Root folder of the Test  so that we can make use of relative paths. 
Dim x : x = Instr(Environment.Value("TestDir"),"Driver")-2 
ExecDrive = mid(Environment.Value("TestDir"),1,x)  

' Get the path of Libraries using relative to the current Drive 
Dim LibPath : LibPath = ExecDrive+"\Libraries\"  

' Dynamically Load the Function Libraries 
LoadFunctionLibrary LibPath + "Calculator.qfl", LibPath + "common_utils.qfl"   

' Capturing the Start Time 
' clscommon is the class object created in common.qfl library file 
clscommon.StartTime = Time()  

' Launching the Application 
SystemUtil.Run "C:\Windows\System32\Calc.exe" : wait (2)  

' Initialize the Data Table Path  
Dim FileName : FileName  = ExecDrive+"\TestData\Calculator.xls" 
Dim SheetSource : SheetSource  = "Calc_test" 
Dim SheetDest : SheetDest = "Global"  

' Import the DataTable into the QTP Script 
DataTable.ImportSheet  FileName , SheetSource , SheetDest   

' Object Repository Path 
Dim RepPath : RepPath = ExecDrive+"\Object_Repository\Calc.tsr" 
RepositoriesCollection.RemoveAll()  
RepositoriesCollection.Add(RepPath)   

' To Keep a Count on iteration 
Dim InttestIteration                   
Dim InttestRows : InttestRows = datatable.GetRowCount   

'  Fetching Date-TimeStamp which will be unique for Naming the Execution Log File 
clscommon.StrDateFormatted = day(date()) & "_" &  MonthName(Month(date()),true) &  
 "_" & YEAR(date())& "_"&hour(now)&"_"&minute(now)  

 ' Name the LogFile  
clscommon.StrLogFile = ExecDrive & "\Execution Logs\" &  
clscommon.StrDateFormatted & ".txt"   

' Create the Execution LogFile which captures the result 
clscommon.Fn_FileCreate(clscommon.StrLogFile)  

' Iniitialize the Parameters and all the relevant Test Details 
Call Fn_InitializeLogFile()  

' Kill all the previous calculator process  
Call fn_Kill_Process("calc.exe")  

For InttestIteration = 1 to InttestRows 
   datatable.SetCurrentRow InttestIteration  
   Dim StrExecute : StrExecute = Ucase(Trim(datatable.Value("Run","Global"))) 
   If StrExecute = "Y" Then  
      clscommon.Number1 = Trim(datatable.Value("Number_1","Global"))  
      clscommon.Number2 = Trim(datatable.Value("Number_2","Global"))  
      clscommon.Number3 = Trim(datatable.Value("Number_3","Global"))  
   
      clscommon.Number4 = Trim(datatable.Value("Number_4","Global"))  
      clscommon.Number5 = Trim(datatable.Value("Number_5","Global"))  
      clscommon.Number6 = Trim(datatable.Value("Number_6","Global"))  
   
      clscommon.Test_Case_ID  = 
         Trim(datatable.Value("Test_Case_ID","Global"))' 
            : clscommon.LogWrite "The Test Case Data is Located at :: " & tcDataPath 
      clscommon.tcScenario = 
         Trim(datatable.Value("Scenario","Global"))' 
            : clscommon.LogWrite "The Test Case Data is Located at :: " & tcDataPath 
      Dim  Expected_Val :  Expected_Val = 
         Trim(datatable.Value("Expected_Val","Global"))'                        
            :  clscommon.LogWrite "The Test Case Data is Located at :: " & tcDataPath 
   
      Select case clscommon.tcScenario  
         Case "Add" 
            clscommon.LogWrite "=== Inside the Test Set :: " & 
               clscommon.tcScenario & " ===" 
                  Call fnCalculate("+",Expected_Val) 
    
         Case "Subtract"   
            clscommon.LogWrite "=== Inside the Test Set :: " & 
               clscommon.tcScenario & " ===" 
                  Call fnCalculate("-",Expected_Val) 
    
         Case "Multiply"   
            clscommon.LogWrite "=== Inside the Test Set :: " & 
               clscommon.tcScenario & " ===" 
                  Call fnCalculate("*",Expected_Val) 
    
         Case "Divide"   
            clscommon.LogWrite "=== Inside the Test Set :: " & 
               clscommon.tcScenario & " ===" 
                  Call fnCalculate("/",Expected_Val) 
    
         Case "Sqrt"   
            clscommon.LogWrite "=== Inside the Test Set :: " & 
               clscommon.tcScenario & " ===" 
                  Call fnCalculate("sqt",Expected_Val) 
      End Select 
   End If  
Next  

' Calling the End Test to Add the result Footer in exec log file. 
Call fn_End_test()  

'  =====================  End of Master Driver Script =====================

Library Files

The Calculator Functions are written in a separate function file saved with the extension .qfl or .vbs. These functions are reusable across actions.

'  Calculator. Qfl File :: Associated Function Library for Calculator Master Driver  

'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =  
' FUNCTION NAME     : Fn_InitializeLogFile 
' DESCRIPTION       : Function to Write the Initial Values in the Log File 
' INPUT PARAMETERS  : varExecDrive,StrDB,StrUId,Strpwd,StrNewDB 
' OUTPUT PARAMETERS : NIL 
' RETURN VALUE      : Pass or Fail message 
' DATE CREATED      : 30-Dec-2013 
'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =  
Public Function Fn_InitializeLogFile() 
   clscommon.LogWrite "********************************************" 
   clscommon.LogWrite "Calc Automation Started" 
End Function 
'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =  
' FUNCTION NAME     : fnCalculate 
' DESCRIPTION       : Function to perform Arithmetic Calculations 
' INPUT PARAMETERS  : operator,Expected_Val 
' OUTPUT PARAMETERS : NIL 
' RETURN VALUE      : Pass or Fail message 
' DATE CREATED      : 30-Dec-2013 
'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =    
Function fnCalculate(operator,Expected_Val) 
   clscommon.LogWrite "Executing the Function 'fnCalculate' " 

   Window("Calculator").Activate 
    
   If Trim(clscommon.Number1) <> ""  Then
      Window("Calculator").WinButton(clscommon.Number1).Click 
   If Trim(clscommon.Number2) <> ""  Then 
      Window("Calculator").WinButton(clscommon.Number2).Click 
   If Trim(clscommon.Number3) <> ""  Then 
      Window("Calculator").WinButton(clscommon.Number3).Click 

   Window("Calculator").WinButton(operator).Click 
   If Trim(clscommon.Number4) <> ""  Then 
      Window("Calculator").WinButton(clscommon.Number4).Click 
   If Trim(clscommon.Number5) <> ""  Then 
      Window("Calculator").WinButton(clscommon.Number5).Click 
   If Trim(clscommon.Number6) <> ""  Then 
      Window("Calculator").WinButton(clscommon.Number6).Click 

   Window("Calculator").WinButton("=").Click 
   Dim ActualVal : ActualVal  = 
      Window("Calculator").WinEdit("Edit").GetROProperty("text") 
   clscommon.LogWrite "The Actual Value after the Math Operation is "& ActualVal 
  
   If Trim(ActualVal) = Trim(Expected_Val) Then 
      clscommon.WriteResult "Pass",  clscommon.Test_Case_ID , 
         clscommon.tcScenario , " Expected Value matches with Actual Value :: " 
            & ActualVal 
    
   Else 
      clscommon.WriteResult "Fail",  clscommon.Test_Case_ID , 
         clscommon.tcScenario , " Expected Value - " & Expected_Val & " Does NOT matches 
            with Actual Value :: " & ActualVal 
   End If 
    
   Window("Calculator").WinButton("C").Click 
    
   If Err.Number <> 0  Then 
      clscommon.LogWrite  "Execution Error : The Error Number is ::  " & 
         Err.Number & " The Error Description is " & Err.Description 
      Err.Clear 
   End If 
    
   clscommon.LogWrite "Exiting the Function 'fnCalculate' " 
End Function  

'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 
' FUNCTION NAME     : fn_Kill_Process 
' DESCRIPTION       : Function to Kill the process by name 
' INPUT PARAMETERS  : Application name to be killed 
' OUTPUT PARAMETERS : NIL 
' RETURN VALUE      : NIL 
' DATE CREATED      : 30-Dec-2013 
'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =  
Function fn_Kill_Process(process) 
   Dim strComputer ,  strProcessToKill , objWMIService , colProcessstrComputer = "." 
   strProcessToKill = process 
    
   Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" _& 
      "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" _& strComputer & "\root\cimv2") 
    
   Set colProcess = objWMIService.ExecQuery _("Select * from Win32_Process 
      Where Name = '" & strProcessToKill & "'") 
    
   count = 0 
   For Each objProcess in colProcess 
      objProcess.Terminate() 
      count = count + 1 
   Next 
End Function  

'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =  
' FUNCTION NAME     : fn_End_test 
' DESCRIPTION       : Function to finish the test Execution process 
' INPUT PARAMETERS  : Application name to be killed 
' OUTPUT PARAMETERS : NIL 
' RETURN VALUE      : NIL 
' DATE CREATED      : 20/Dec/2013 
'= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 
Function fn_End_test() 
   clscommon.LogWrite "Status Message - Executing the Function 'fn_End_test' " 
    
   Window("Calculator").Close 
   On Error Resume Next 
    
   clscommon.StopTime = Time() 
   clscommon.ElapsedTime = DateDiff("n",clscommon.StartTime,clscommon.StopTime) 
   Dim Totaltests  
   Totaltests = clscommon.gintPassCount+ clscommon.gintFailCount
   clscommon.LogWrite "## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # 
   clscommon.LogWrite "##  The Execution Start Time  ::  " & clscommon.StartTime 
   clscommon.LogWrite "##  The Execution End Time   ::  " & clscommon.StopTime 
   clscommon.LogWrite "##  The Time Elapsed ::   " & clscommon.ElapsedTime & " Minutes " 
   clscommon.LogWrite "##  The OS ::  " & Environment.Value("OS") 
   clscommon.LogWrite "##  The Total No of Test Cases Executed  ::  " & Totaltests 
   clscommon.LogWrite "##  The No. of Test Case Passed ::  " & clscommon.gintPassCount 
   clscommon.LogWrite "##  The No. of Test Case Failed ::  " & clscommon.gintFailCount 
   clscommon.LogWrite "## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # 
   SystemUtil.CloseDescendentProcesses 
End Function  
'  ===============   End of Calculator. Qfl   ============================= '

The other library file, which is 'common_utils.qfl' that contains the functions, which enables us to write the output to a text file.

Set clscommon = New OS_clsUtils  

'Creating a class file to handle global variables. 
Class OS_clsUtils 
   Dim StrLogFile 
   Dim StrDateFormatted 
   Dim Result 
    
   Dim  Number1, Number2 , Number3  
   Dim  Number4, Number5 , Number6  
   Dim Test_Case_ID , tcScenario 
   Dim StartTime, StopTime, ElapsedTime 
   
   Dim gintPassCount , gintFailCount , gintWarningCount ,  gintdoneCount,  
      gintinfoCount 
    
   Function Fn_FileCreate(strFileName) 
      Dim objFSO:  Set objFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") 
      On Error Resume Next 
      
      Dim objTextFile : Set objTextFile = objFSO.CreateTextFile(strFileName) 
      objTextFile.Close 
       
      Set objTextFile = Nothing 
      Set objFSO = Nothing 
   End Function 
    
   Function LogWrite(sMsg) 
      Const ForAppending = 8 
       
      Dim objFSO : Set objFSO = CreateObject("scripting.FileSystemObject") 
      
      Dim objTextFile : Set objTextFile = objFSO.OpenTextFile 
         (clscommon.StrLogFile, ForAppending, True) 
       
      objTextFile.WriteLine day(date()) & "/" &  MonthName(Month(date()),true) 
         &  "/" & YEAR(date()) & " " & time & ": " & sMsg 
      objTextFile.Close 
       
      Set objTextFile = Nothing 
      Set objFSO = Nothing 
   End Function 
    
   Function WriteResult(strStatus,functionName,functionDescription,Result) 
      Const ForAppending = 8 
      Dim objFSO : Set objFSO = CreateObject("scripting.FileSystemObject") 
      Dim objTextFile : Set objTextFile = objFSO.OpenTextFile 
         (clscommon.StrLogFile, ForAppending, True) 
       
      objTextFile.WriteLine day(date()) & "/" &  MonthName(Month(date()),true) 
         &  "/" & YEAR(date()) & " " & time & ": " & "  
            * * * * * * Test Case Exec Details  * * * * * " 
      
      objTextFile.WriteLine day(date()) & "/" &  MonthName(Month(date()),true) 
         &  "/" & YEAR(date()) & " " & time & ": " & " Test staus :: " & strStatus 
      objTextFile.WriteLine day(date()) & "/" &  MonthName(Month(date()),true) 
         &  "/" & YEAR(date()) & " " & time & ": " & " Tese ID ::  " & functionName 
      objTextFile.WriteLine day(date()) & "/" &  MonthName(Month(date()),true) 
         &  "/" & YEAR(date()) & " " & time & ": " & " Test Description :: " 
            & functionDescription 
      objTextFile.WriteLine day(date()) & "/" &  MonthName(Month(date()),true) 
         &  "/" & YEAR(date()) & " " & time & ": " & " Test Result Details :: " & Result 
      objTextFile.WriteLine day(date()) & "/" &  MonthName(Month(date()),true) 
         &  "/" & YEAR(date()) & " " & time & ": " & "  
            * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *  * * * * * * * * * * * " 
      objTextFile.Close 
       
      Set objTextFile = Nothing  
      Set objFSO = Nothing 
       
      Select Case Lcase(strStatus) 
         Case "pass" 
            gintPassCount = gintPassCount + 1 
          
         Case "fail" 
            gintFailCount = gintFailCount+1 
      End Select 
   End Function 
End Class 
'   =====================   End of common_Utils.qfl =====================

Object Repository

Object Repository has got all the objects that the user would be acting upon. The image given below shows the list of all objects added into the repository with the name calc.tsr

OR of the AUT

Data Table

DataTable contains the keywords, which drive the tests and also Test the data with which QTP will act on the objects.

Data Table used in the Framework

The Execution Log

The Execution log file or output file contains user actions and function log, which will enable the testers to debug upon script failures.

Data Table used in the Framework 

8/Jan/2014 5:09:16 PM: ************************************************* 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:16 PM: Calc Automation Started 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:16 PM: === Inside the Test Set  ::   Add  === 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:16 PM: Executing the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: The Actual Value after the Math Operation is 949.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM:  * * * * * * Test Case Exec Details  * * * * *  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Test staus :: Pass 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Tese ID ::  TC_001 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Test Description :: Add 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Test Result Details ::  Expected Value matches with Actual 
   Value :: 949.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *  * * 
* * * * * * * * * 
  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Exiting the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: === Inside the Test Set  ::   Subtract  === 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Executing the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: The Actual Value after the Math Operation is 415.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: * * * * * * Test Case Exec Details  * * * * *  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Test staus :: Pass 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Tese ID ::  TC_002 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Test Description :: Subtract 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Test Result Details ::  Expected Value matches with Actual 
   Value :: 415.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *  * * * 
* * * * * * * *

8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Exiting the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: === Inside the Test Set  ::   Multiply  === 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:17 PM: Executing the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM: The Actual Value after the Math Operation is 278883.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM: * * * * * * Test Case Exec Details  * * * * *  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM: Test staus :: Pass 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM: Tese ID ::  TC_003 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM: Test Description :: Multiply 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM:  Test Result Details ::  Expected Value matches with 
   Actual Value :: 278883.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *  * * * 
* * * * * * * *   

8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM: Exiting the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM: === Inside the Test Set  ::   Divide  === 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:18 PM: Executing the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: The Actual Value after the Math Operation is 3.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: * * * * * * Test Case Exec Details  * * * * *  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: Test staus :: Pass 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: Tese ID ::  TC_004 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: Test Description :: Divide 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: Test Result Details ::  Expected Value matches with Actual 
   Value :: 3.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *  * * * 
* * * * * * * * 
  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: Exiting the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: === Inside the Test Set  ::   Sqrt  === 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:19 PM: Executing the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: The Actual Value after the Math Operation is 10.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: * * * * * * Test Case Exec Details  * * * * *  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: Test staus :: Pass 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: Tese ID ::  TC_005 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: Test Description :: Sqrt 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: Test Result Details ::  Expected Value matches with Actual 
   Value :: 10.  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *  * * * * 
* * * * * * * 

8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: Exiting the Function 'fnCalculate'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: Status Message - Executing the Function 'fn_Finish_test'  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # 
# # # # # #  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: ##  The Execution Start Time  ::  5:09:14 PM 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: ##  The Execution End Time   ::  5:09:20 PM 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: ##  The Time Elapsed ::   0 Minutes  
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: ##  The OS ::  Microsoft Windows Vista Server 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: ##  The Total No of Test Cases Executed  ::  25 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: ##  The No. of Test Case Passed ::  25 
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: ##  The No. of Test Case Failed ::   
8/Jan/2014 5:09:20 PM: ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # 
# # # # # #
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