Spring Boot - Tomcat Deployment

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By using Spring Boot application, we can create a war file to deploy into the web server. In this chapter, you are going to learn how to create a WAR file and deploy the Spring Boot application in Tomcat web server.

Spring Boot Servlet Initializer

The traditional way of deployment is making the Spring Boot Application @SpringBootApplication class extend the SpringBootServletInitializer class. Spring Boot Servlet Initializer class file allows you to configure the application when it is launched by using Servlet Container.

The code for Spring Boot Application class file for JAR file deployment is given below −

package com.tutorialspoint.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
   }
}

We need to extend the class SpringBootServletInitializer to support WAR file deployment. The code of Spring Boot Application class file is given below −

package com.tutorialspoint.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication  extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
   @Override
   protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
      return application.sources(DemoApplication.class);
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
   }
}

Setting Main Class

In Spring Boot, we need to mention the main class that should start in the build file. For this purpose, you can use the following pieces of code −

For Maven, add the start class in pom.xml properties as shown below −

<start-class>com.tutorialspoint.demo.DemoApplication</start-class>

For Gradle, add the main class name in build.gradle as shown below −

mainClassName="com.tutorialspoint.demo.DemoApplication"

Update packaging JAR into WAR

We have to update the packaging JAR into WAR using the following pieces of code −

For Maven, add the packaging as WAR in pom.xml as shown below −

<packaging>war</packaging>

For Gradle, add the application plugin and war plugin in the build.gradle as shown below −

apply plugin: 'war'
apply plugin: 'application'

Now, let us write a simple Rest Endpoint to return the string Hello World from Tomcat. To write a Rest Endpoint, we need to add the Spring Boot web starter dependency into our build file.

For Maven, add the Spring Boot starter dependency in pom.xml using the code as shown below −

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

For Gradle, add the Spring Boot starter dependency in build.gradle using the code as shown below −

dependencies {
   compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
}

Now, write a simple Rest Endpoint in Spring Boot Application class file using the code as shown below −

package com.tutorialspoint.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class DemoApplication  extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
   @Override
   protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
      return application.sources(DemoApplication.class);
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
   }
   
   @GetMapping(value = "/")
   public String hello() {
      return "Hello World from Tomcat";
   }
}

Packaging your Application

Now, create a WAR file to deploy into the Tomcat server by using Maven and Gradle commands for packaging your application as given below −

For Maven, use the command mvn package for packaging your application. Then, the WAR file will be created and you can find it in the target directory −

E:\dev\demo>mvn package

You'll see the result similar to as below:

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] [1m----------------------< [0;36mcom.tutorialspoint:demo[0;1m >-----------------------[m
[INFO] [1mBuilding demo 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT[m
[INFO]   from pom.xml
[INFO] [1m--------------------------------[ war ]---------------------------------[m
[INFO] 
[INFO] [1m--- [0;32mresources:3.3.1:resources[m [1m(default-resources)[m @ [36mdemo[0;1m ---[m
[INFO] Copying 1 resource from src\main\resources to target\classes
[INFO] Copying 0 resource from src\main\resources to target\classes
...
[INFO] 
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]  T E S T S
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Running com.tutorialspoint.demo.[1mDemoApplicationTests[m
14:41:52.687 [main] INFO org.springframework.test.context.support.AnnotationConfigContextLoaderUtils -- Could not detect default configuration classes for test class [com.tutorialspoint.demo.DemoApplicationTests]: DemoApplicationTests does not declare any static, non-private, non-final, nested classes annotated with @Configuration.
14:41:52.817 [main] INFO org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper -- Found @SpringBootConfiguration com.tutorialspoint.demo.DemoApplication for test class com.tutorialspoint.demo.DemoApplicationTests

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/

 :: Spring Boot ::                (v3.3.3)

2024-09-03T14:41:53.311+05:30  INFO 7572 --- [demo] [           main] c.t.demo.DemoApplicationTests            : Starting DemoApplicationTests using Java 21.0.3 with PID 7572 (started by Tutorialspoint in E:\Dev\demo)
2024-09-03T14:41:53.313+05:30  INFO 7572 --- [demo] [           main] c.t.demo.DemoApplicationTests            : No active profile set, falling back to 1 default profile: "default"
2024-09-03T14:41:54.704+05:30  INFO 7572 --- [demo] [           main] c.t.demo.DemoApplicationTests            : Started DemoApplicationTests in 1.722 seconds (process running for 3.248)
...
[INFO] Packaging webapp
[INFO] Assembling webapp [demo] in [E:\Dev\demo\target\demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT]
[INFO] Processing war project
[INFO] Copying webapp resources [E:\Dev\demo\src\main\webapp]
[INFO] Building war: E:\Dev\demo\target\demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war
[INFO] 
[INFO] [1m--- [0;32mspring-boot:3.3.3:repackage[m [1m(repackage)[m @ [36mdemo[0;1m ---[m
[INFO] Replacing main artifact E:\Dev\demo\target\demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war with repackaged archive, adding nested dependencies in BOOT-INF/.
[INFO] The original artifact has been renamed to E:\Dev\demo\target\demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war.original
[INFO] [1m------------------------------------------------------------------------[m
[INFO] [1;32mBUILD SUCCESS[m
[INFO] [1m------------------------------------------------------------------------[m
[INFO] Total time:  11.809 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2024-09-03T14:41:59+05:30
[INFO] [1m------------------------------------------------------------------------[m

Similarlt For Gradle, you can use the command gradle clean build for packaging your application. Then, your WAR file will be created and you can find it under build/libs directory.

Deploy into Tomcat

Now, run the Tomcat Server, and deploy the WAR file under the webapps directory. Observe the screenshots shown here for a better understanding −

Tomcat Web Application Maneger

webApps Directory

After successful deployment, hit the URL in your web browser http://localhost:8080/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/ and observe that the output will look as shown in the screenshot given below −

Successful Deployment Screenshot

The full code for this purpose is given below.

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <parent>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
      <version>3.3.3</version>
      <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
   </parent>
   <groupId>com.tutorialspoint</groupId>
      <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
      <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      <packaging>war</packaging>
      <name>demo</name>
      <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
      <url/>
      <licenses>
         <license/>
      </licenses>
      <developers>
         <developer/>
      </developers>
      <scm>
         <connection/>
         <developerConnection/>
         <tag/>
         <url/>
      </scm>
      <properties>
         <java.version>21</java.version>
         <start-class>com.tutorialspoint.demo.DemoApplication</start-class>
      </properties>
   <dependencies>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
         <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>
   </dependencies>
   <build>
      <plugins>
         <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
         </plugin>
      </plugins>
   </build>
</project>

build.gradle

buildscript {
   ext {
      springBootVersion = '3.3.3'
   }
   repositories {
      mavenCentral()
   }
dependencies {
      classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
   }
}

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
apply plugin: 'war'
apply plugin: 'application'

group = 'com.tutorialspoint'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = 21
mainClassName = "com.tutorialspoint.demo.DemoApplication"

repositories {
   mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
   compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
   testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
}

The code for main Spring Boot application class file is given below −

package com.tutorialspoint.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class DemoApplication  extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
   @Override
   protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
      return application.sources(DemoApplication.class);
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
   }
   
   @GetMapping(value = "/")
   public String hello() {
      return "Hello World from Tomcat";
   }
}
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