- Google Colab Tutorial
- Google Colab - Home
- Google Colab - Introduction
- What is Google Colab?
- Your First Colab Notebook
- Documenting Your Code
- Google Colab - Saving Your Work
- Google Colab - Sharing Notebook
- Invoking System Commands
- Executing External Python Files
- Google Colab - Graphical Outputs
- Google Colab - Code Editing Help
- Google Colab - Magics
- Google Colab - Adding Forms
- Google Colab - Installing ML Libraries
- Google Colab - Using Free GPU
- Google Colab - Conclusion
- Google Colab Useful Resources
- Google Colab - Quick Guide
- Google Colab - Useful Resources
- Google Colab - Discussion
Google Colab - Magics
Magics is a set of system commands that provide a mini extensive command language.
Magics are of two types −
Line magics
Cell magics
The line magics as the name indicates that it consists of a single line of command, while the cell magic covers the entire body of the code cell.
In case of line magics, the command is prepended with a single % character and in the case of cell magics, it is prepended with two % characters (%%).
Let us look into some examples of both to illustrate these.
Line Magics
Type the following code in your code cell −
%ldir
You will see the contents of your local directory, something like this -
drwxr-xr-x 3 root 4096 Jun 20 10:05 drive/ drwxr-xr-x 1 root 4096 May 31 16:17 sample_data/
Try the following command −
%history
This presents the complete history of commands that you have previously executed.
Cell Magics
Type in the following code in your code cell −
%%html <marquee style='width: 50%; color: Green;'>Welcome to Tutorialspoint!</marquee>
Now, if you run the code and you will see the scrolling welcome message on the screen as shown here −
The following code will add SVG to your document.
%%html <svg xmlns="https://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 600 400" width="400" height="400"> <rect x="10" y="00" width="300" height="100" rx="0" style="fill:orange; stroke:black; fill-opacity:1.0" /> <rect x="10" y="100" width="300" height="100" rx="0" style="fill:white; stroke:black; fill-opacity:1.0;" /> <rect x="10" y="200" width="300" height="100" rx="0" style="fill:green; stroke:black; fill-opacity:1.0;" /> </svg>
If you run the code, you would see the following output −
Magics List
To get a complete list of supported magics, execute the following command −
%lsmagic
You will see the following output −
Available line magics: %alias %alias_magic %autocall %automagic %autosave %bookmark %cat %cd %clear %colors %config %connect_info %cp %debug %dhist %dirs %doctest_mode %ed %edit %env %gui %hist %history %killbgscripts %ldir %less %lf %lk %ll %load %load_ext %loadpy %logoff %logon %logstart %logstate %logstop %ls %lsmagic %lx %macro %magic %man %matplotlib %mkdir %more %mv %notebook %page %pastebin %pdb %pdef %pdoc %pfile %pinfo %pinfo2 %pip %popd %pprint %precision %profile %prun %psearch %psource %pushd %pwd %pycat %pylab %qtconsole %quickref %recall %rehashx %reload_ext %rep %rerun %reset %reset_selective %rm %rmdir %run %save %sc %set_env %shell %store %sx %system %tb %tensorflow_version %time %timeit %unalias %unload_ext %who %who_ls %whos %xdel %xmode Available cell magics: %%! %%HTML %%SVG %%bash %%bigquery %%capture %%debug %%file %%html %%javascript %%js %%latex %%perl %%prun %%pypy %%python %%python2 %%python3 %%ruby %%script %%sh %%shell %%svg %%sx %%system %%time %%timeit %%writefile Automagic is ON, % prefix IS NOT needed for line magics.
Next, you will learn another powerful feature in Colab to set the program variables at runtime.
To Continue Learning Please Login
Login with Google