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Write a C program to display the size and offset of structure members
Problem
Write a C program to define the structure and display the size and offsets of member variables
Structure − It is a collection of different datatype variables, grouped together under a single name.
General form of structure declaration
datatype member1;
struct tagname{
datatype member2;
datatype member n;
};Here, struct - keyword
tagname - specifies name of structure
member1, member2 - specifies the data items that make up structure.
Example
struct book{
int pages;
char author [30];
float price;
};Structure variables
There are three ways of declaring structure variables −
Method 1
struct book{
int pages;
char author[30];
float price;
}b;Method 2
struct{
int pages;
char author[30];
float price;
}b;Method 3
struct book{
int pages;
char author[30];
float price;
};
struct book b;Initialization and accessing of structures
The link between a member and a structure variable is established using the member operator (or) dot operator.
Initialization can be done in the following ways −
Method 1
struct book{
int pages;
char author[30];
float price;
} b = {100, "balu", 325.75};Method 2
struct book{
int pages;
char author[30];
float price;
};
struct book b = {100, "balu", 325.75};Method 3 (using member operator)
struct book{
int pages;
char author[30];
float price;
} ;
struct book b;
b. pages = 100;
strcpy (b.author, "balu");
b.price = 325.75;Method 4 (using scanf function)
struct book{
int pages;
char author[30];
float price;
} ;
struct book b;
scanf ("%d", &b.pages);
scanf ("%s", b.author);
scanf ("%f", &b. price);Declare the structure with data members and try to print their offset values as well as size of the structure.
Program
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stddef.h>
struct tutorial{
int a;
int b;
char c[4];
float d;
double e;
};
int main(){
struct tutorial t1;
printf("the size 'a' is :%d
",sizeof(t1.a));
printf("the size 'b' is :%d
",sizeof(t1.b));
printf("the size 'c' is :%d
",sizeof(t1.c));
printf("the size 'd' is :%d
",sizeof(t1.d));
printf("the size 'e' is :%d
",sizeof(t1.e));
printf("the offset 'a' is :%d
",offsetof(struct tutorial,a));
printf("the offset 'b' is :%d
",offsetof(struct tutorial,b));
printf("the offset 'c' is :%d
",offsetof(struct tutorial,c));
printf("the offset 'd' is :%d
",offsetof(struct tutorial,d));
printf("the offset 'e' is :%d
",offsetof(struct tutorial,e));
printf("size of the structure tutorial is :%d",sizeof(t1));
return 0;
}Output
the size 'a' is :4 the size 'b' is :4 the size 'c' is :4 the size 'd' is :4 the size 'e' is :8 the offset 'a' is :0 the offset 'b' is :4 the offset 'c' is :8 the offset 'd' is :12 the offset 'e' is :16 size of the structure tutorial is :24
Updated on: 06-Mar-2021
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