Data Structure
Networking
RDBMS
Operating System
Java
MS Excel
iOS
HTML
CSS
Android
Python
C Programming
C++
C#
MongoDB
MySQL
Javascript
PHP
Physics
Chemistry
Biology
Mathematics
English
Economics
Psychology
Social Studies
Fashion Studies
Legal Studies
- Selected Reading
- UPSC IAS Exams Notes
- Developer's Best Practices
- Questions and Answers
- Effective Resume Writing
- HR Interview Questions
- Computer Glossary
- Who is Who
Trunks and Multiplexing
Trunks
Definition
Trunks are a large-bandwidth communication channels connecting switching centres, forming the core of the telephone network. A trunk comprises of a cluster of broadcast frequencies that are suitable for long haul communication of many voice and data signals simultaneously.
Features
The characteristic features of a trunk are −
They carry digital information as opposed to analog signals carried by local loops.
They are designed for both voice and data transmission.
They can carry millions of calls simultaneously over long distances.
They have very high bandwidth.
They generally comprise of a cluster of fiber optic cables bundled together to maximize bandwidth.
Another method of achieving high bandwidth is to use a single high capacity link that can carry many signals multiplexed together.
Trunks used in Telephone Networks
Toll connecting Trunk − Lines that connect end offices with toll offices. Fiber optic cables are used here.
Intertoll Trunk − Very high bandwidth channels that connect either two toll offices via intermediate switching offices. Fiber optic cables and microwaves are used here.
Multiplexing in Trunks
Trunks are required to carry a huge number of calls simultaneously. An option is to provide a large number of low-bandwidth trunks. However, the cost of installation and maintenance of a low-bandwidth trunk is almost same as cost of installing a higher bandwidth counterpart. So, installing a large number of low-bandwidth trunks is not an economic decision.
A feasible solution is to use a high bandwidth channel and use multiplexing for simultaneous transmission of several signals. Multiplexing is a method of combining more than one signal over a shared medium. The commonly used multiplexing techniques in trunks are time division multiplexing (TDM) and frequency division multiplexing (FDM). In TDM, the users are allowed the total available bandwidth on time sharing basis. In FDM, signals of different frequencies are combined for concurrent transmission.
2K+ Views
