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The pollution of air caused by burning petroleum fuels (like petrol and diesel) in vehicles can be controlled by fitting a device X in the exhaust system of vehicles.
(a) Name the device X.
(b) How does this device help in controlling air pollution?
(a) Name of the device X is "catalytic converter".
(b) This device help in controlling air pollution by converting harmful and poisonous gases from the exhaust of vehicles into harmless or non-poisonous gases.
For example, it converts carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide into nitrogen gas.
Explanation
A catalytic converter is an exhaust emission control device that is usually used with internal combustion engines fueled by either gasoline or diesel.
It is used in vehicles to reduce toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine into less-toxic pollutants by catalyzing a redox reaction (an oxidation and a reduction reaction).
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