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Explain the following:
(a) Speciation
(b) Natural Selection
(a) Speciation is the process of the formation of new species either by evolution or by genetic modification of the existing species in a population.
Factors responsible for speciation are natural selection, genetic drift, geographical isolation and mutation.
(b) Natural Selection:The organisms with useful traits and higher adaptability will survive. The fittest organism will be able to survive in the world.
Naturally selected over-abundance of offsprings can lead to a struggle for existence. Organisms with variations can survive and reproduce in an effective manner, producing a large number of offsprings with a longer life span.
Offspring of survivors inherit the useful variations to the new generation and this variation becomes an inherited feature.