MongoDB query to search date records using only Month and Day

To search MongoDB documents using only month and day while ignoring the year, use the $where operator with JavaScript functions like getMonth() and getDate().

Syntax

db.collection.find({
    $where: function() {
        return this.dateField.getMonth() == monthValue && 
               this.dateField.getDate() == dayValue;
    }
});

Sample Data

db.demo181.insertMany([
    {"ShippingDate": new ISODate("2020-01-10")},
    {"ShippingDate": new ISODate("2019-12-11")},
    {"ShippingDate": new ISODate("2018-01-10")},
    {"ShippingDate": new ISODate("2020-10-12")}
]);

{
    "acknowledged": true,
    "insertedIds": [
        ObjectId("5e398a699e4f06af551997fe"),
        ObjectId("5e398a729e4f06af551997ff"),
        ObjectId("5e398a7d9e4f06af55199800"),
        ObjectId("5e398a879e4f06af55199801")
    ]
}

Display All Documents

db.demo181.find();

{ "_id": ObjectId("5e398a699e4f06af551997fe"), "ShippingDate": ISODate("2020-01-10T00:00:00Z") }
{ "_id": ObjectId("5e398a729e4f06af551997ff"), "ShippingDate": ISODate("2019-12-11T00:00:00Z") }
{ "_id": ObjectId("5e398a7d9e4f06af55199800"), "ShippingDate": ISODate("2018-01-10T00:00:00Z") }
{ "_id": ObjectId("5e398a879e4f06af55199801"), "ShippingDate": ISODate("2020-10-12T00:00:00Z") }

Example: Search by Month OR Day

Find documents where month is February (1) OR day is 10 ?

db.demo181.find({
    $where: function() {
        return this.ShippingDate.getMonth() == 1 || 
               this.ShippingDate.getDate() == 10;
    }
});

{ "_id": ObjectId("5e398a699e4f06af551997fe"), "ShippingDate": ISODate("2020-01-10T00:00:00Z") }
{ "_id": ObjectId("5e398a7d9e4f06af55199800"), "ShippingDate": ISODate("2018-01-10T00:00:00Z") }

Example: Search by Month AND Day

Find documents for January 10th (any year) ?

db.demo181.find({
    $where: function() {
        return this.ShippingDate.getMonth() == 0 && 
               this.ShippingDate.getDate() == 10;
    }
});

{ "_id": ObjectId("5e398a699e4f06af551997fe"), "ShippingDate": ISODate("2020-01-10T00:00:00Z") }
{ "_id": ObjectId("5e398a7d9e4f06af55199800"), "ShippingDate": ISODate("2018-01-10T00:00:00Z") }

Key Points

• getMonth() returns 0-based index: January = 0, February = 1, December = 11
• getDate() returns the day of month (1-31)
• Use && for AND conditions, || for OR conditions
• $where evaluates JavaScript, so it's slower than regular operators

Conclusion

Use $where with getMonth() and getDate() functions to search MongoDB documents by month and day while ignoring the year. Remember that months are zero-indexed in JavaScript.