How to Count the Number of Vowels and Consonants in a Sentence in Golang?

In this tutorial, we are going to see how to find the number of vowels and consonants in a sentence in Golang. If any character lies under the set {a, e, i, o , u} then that character is a vowel. Any character that does not lie in the above set is a consonant.

Explanation

Suppose we have a sentence "India have twenty eight states and eight union territories". In this sentence, the characters which are bold are the vowels. So, the total vowels are 21 and consonants are 29.

Finding the count of vowels and consonants within the function

Algorithm

Step 1 ? Declaring the sentence, vowelCount and, consonantCount variables.

Step 2 ? Initializing the variables

Step 3 ? Run a for loop over the sentence to count the number of vowels and consonants.

Step 4 ? Printing the result.

Example 1

In this example, we are going to find the count of vowels and the consonants within the function.

<div class="execute"></div><div class="code-mirror  language-java" contenteditable="plaintext-only" spellcheck="false" style="outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow-y: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="token keyword">package</span> <span class="token namespace">main</span>

<span class="token comment">// fmt package provides the function to print anything</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token string">"fmt"</span>
func <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
   <span class="token comment">// declaring the variable sentence of string type</span>
   <span class="token comment">// which stores the sentence in which we have to</span>
   <span class="token comment">// count the vowels and the Consonants</span>
   <span class="token keyword">var</span> sentence string

   <span class="token comment">// declaring the variables to store the count</span>
   <span class="token comment">// of vowels and Consonants</span>
   <span class="token keyword">var</span> vowelsCount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> consonantCount <span class="token keyword">int</span>

   <span class="token comment">// initializing the variable sentence</span>
   sentence <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"India have twenty eight states and eight union territories"</span>
   
   <span class="token comment">// initializing the variable vowelsCount</span>
   vowelsCount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span>

   <span class="token comment">// initializing the variable ConsonantCount</span>
   consonantCount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span>
   <span class="token class-name"><span class="token namespace">fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span>Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Program to find the count of vowels and consonants within the function."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

   <span class="token comment">// running a for loop over the string stored in the sentence variable</span>
   <span class="token keyword">for</span> i <span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sentence<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      <span class="token comment">// skipping the spaces in the sentence</span>
      <span class="token keyword">if</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">' '</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
         <span class="token keyword">continue</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
   
      <span class="token comment">// comparing the current character with the vowels</span>
      <span class="token keyword">if</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'a'</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'e'</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'i'</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'o'</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'u'</span> <span class="token operator">||</span>
         sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'A'</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'E'</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'I'</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'O'</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'U'</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>

            <span class="token comment">// increasing the count of vowelCount variable</span>
            <span class="token comment">// if the current character is a vowel</span>
            vowelsCount<span class="token operator">++</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
         <span class="token comment">// increasing the count of consonantCount variable</span>
         <span class="token comment">// if current character is consonant</span>
         consonantCount<span class="token operator">++</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
   <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
   <span class="token class-name"><span class="token namespace">fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span>Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Sentence:- \n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

   <span class="token comment">// printing the count of vowels and consonants</span>
   <span class="token class-name"><span class="token namespace">fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span>Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Result:- \nThe total number of vowels in the above sentence are"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> vowelsCount<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
   <span class="token class-name"><span class="token namespace">fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span>Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"The total number of consonants in the above sentence are"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> consonantCount<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</div><div class="output-wrapper"><div class="console-close"></div><div class="code-output"></div></div>

Output

Program to find the count of vowels and consonants within the function.
Sentence:-
 India have twenty eight states and eight union territories
Result:-
The total number of vowels in the above sentence are 21
The total number of consonants in the above sentence are 29

Finding the count of vowels and consonants in the separate function

Algorithm

Step 1 ? Declaring the sentence, vowelCount and, consonantCount variables.

Step 2 ? Initializing the variables

Step 3 ? Call the function that is counting the number of vowels and consonants and returning them.

Step 4 ? Printing the result.

Example 2

In this example, we are going to find the count of vowels and, the consonants in the separate function.

<div class="execute"></div><div class="code-mirror  language-java" contenteditable="plaintext-only" spellcheck="false" style="outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow-y: auto; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="token keyword">package</span> <span class="token namespace">main</span>

<span class="token comment">// fmt package provides the function to print anything</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token string">"fmt"</span>

<span class="token comment">// defining the function which has a parameter of string type</span>
<span class="token comment">// and as in Golang we can return more than one value at once</span>
<span class="token comment">// so here we are returning vowelCount and consonantCount together</span>
<span class="token comment">// (int, int) is the way to achieve the above thing</span>
func <span class="token function">vowelsconsonantsCount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sentence string<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
   <span class="token comment">// declaring the variables to store the count</span>
   <span class="token comment">// of vowels and consonants</span>
   <span class="token keyword">var</span> vowelsCount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> consonantCount <span class="token keyword">int</span>

   <span class="token comment">// initializing the variable vowelsCount</span>
   vowelsCount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span>

   <span class="token comment">// initializing the variable consonantCount</span>
   consonantCount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span>

   <span class="token comment">// running a for loop over the string stored in the sentence variable</span>
   <span class="token keyword">for</span> i <span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sentence<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      
      <span class="token comment">// skipping the spaces in the sentence</span>
      <span class="token keyword">if</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">' '</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
         <span class="token keyword">continue</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

      <span class="token comment">// comparing the current character with the vowels</span>
      <span class="token keyword">if</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'a'</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'e'</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'i'</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'o'</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'u'</span> <span class="token operator">||</span>
         sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'A'</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'E'</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'I'</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'O'</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">'U'</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>

         <span class="token comment">// increasing the count of vowelCount variable</span>
         <span class="token comment">// if the current character is a vowel</span>
         vowelsCount<span class="token operator">++</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
         <span class="token comment">// increasing the count of consonantCount variable</span>
         <span class="token comment">// if current character is consonant</span>
         consonantCount<span class="token operator">++</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
   <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
   <span class="token comment">// returning the count of vowels and consonants</span>
   <span class="token keyword">return</span> vowelsCount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> consonantCount
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
func <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
   <span class="token comment">// declaring the variable sentence of string type</span>
   <span class="token comment">// which stores the sentence in which we have to</span>
   <span class="token comment">// count the vowels and the consonants</span>
   <span class="token keyword">var</span> sentence string

   <span class="token comment">// declaring the variables to store the count</span>
   <span class="token comment">// of vowels and consonants</span>
   <span class="token keyword">var</span> vowelsCount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> consonantCount <span class="token keyword">int</span>

   <span class="token comment">// initializing the variable sentence</span>
   sentence <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"India have twenty eight states and eight union territories"</span>
   <span class="token class-name"><span class="token namespace">fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span>Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Program to find the count of vowels and consonants in the separate function."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

   <span class="token comment">// calling the function and storing the count of consonant and</span>
   <span class="token comment">// vowels in the variable</span>
   vowelsCount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> consonantCount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">vowelsconsonantsCount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sentence<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
   <span class="token class-name"><span class="token namespace">fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span>Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Sentence:-\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sentence<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

   <span class="token comment">// printing the count of vowels and consonants</span>
   <span class="token class-name"><span class="token namespace">fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span>Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Result:- \nThe total number of vowels in the above sentence are"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> vowelsCount<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
   <span class="token class-name"><span class="token namespace">fmt<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span>Println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"The total number of consonants in the above sentence are"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> consonantCount<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</div><div class="output-wrapper"><div class="console-close"></div><div class="code-output"></div></div>

Output

Program to find the count of vowels and consonants in the separate function.
Sentence:-
 India have twenty eight states and eight union territories
Result:-
The total number of vowels in the above sentence are 21
The total number of consonants in the above sentence are 29

Conclusion

These are the two ways to find the number of vowels and consonants in a sentence in Golang. The second way is much better in terms of modularity and code reusability as we can call that function anywhere in the project. To learn more about go you can explore these tutorials.