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Find the k smallest numbers after deleting given elements in C++
In this problem, we are given an array arr[] of size n, array del[] of size m, and an integer k. Our task is to find the k smallest numbers after deleting the given elements.
We need to print the first k smallest elements from the array arr[] found after deleting all elements present in the del[] array. If two instances are present in the array delete the first instance.
Let's take an example to understand the problem,
Input : arr[] = {3, 5, 1, 7, 9, 2}, del[] = {1, 9, 3}, k = 2
Output : 2, 5Explanation −
Array arr[] after deleting the elements : {5, 7, 2}
2 minimum elements are 2, 5.Solution Approach
A simple solution the problem is by deleting all elements from arr[] that are present in del[]. Then sort the array in ascending order and print first k elements of the array.
Example
Program to illustrate the working of our solution
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
void findKminElementDelArray(int arr[], int n, int del[], int m, int k){
for(int i = 0; i < m; i++){
for(int j = 0; j < n; j++){
if(arr[j] == del[i]){
arr[j] = INT_MAX;
break;
}
}
}
sort(arr, arr + n);
for (int i = 0; i < k; ++i) {
cout<<arr[i]<<" ";
}
}
int main(){
int array[] = { 3, 5, 1, 7, 9, 2 };
int m = sizeof(array) / sizeof(array[0]);
int del[] = { 1, 9, 3 };
int n = sizeof(del) / sizeof(del[0]);
int k = 2;
cout<<k<<" smallest numbers after deleting the elements are ";
findKminElementDelArray(array, m, del, n, k);
return 0;
}Output
2 smallest numbers after deleting the elements are 2 5
Another approach
Another approach to solve the problem is using hashmap and heap. We will create a min-heap and a hash map. The hashmap will contain all the elements of the array del[]. And then insert elements of the array arr[] that are not present in hash-map to the min-heap. Pop k elements from the heap and then print it.
Example
Program to illustrate the working of our solution
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
void findKminElementDelArray(int arr[], int n, int del[], int m, int k){
unordered_map<int, int> deleteElement;
for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
deleteElement[del[i]]++;
}
priority_queue<int, vector<int>, greater<int> > minHeap;
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
if (deleteElement.find(arr[i]) != deleteElement.end()) {
deleteElement[arr[i]]--;
if (deleteElement[arr[i]] == 0) deleteElement.erase(arr[i]);
}
else
minHeap.push(arr[i]);
}
for (int i = 0; i < k; ++i) {
cout<<minHeap.top()<<" ";
minHeap.pop();
}
}
int main(){
int array[] = { 3, 5, 1, 7, 9, 2 };
int m = sizeof(array) / sizeof(array[0]);
int del[] = { 1, 9, 3 }; int n = sizeof(del) / sizeof(del[0]);
int k = 2;
cout<<k<<" smallest numbers after deleting the elements are ";
findKminElementDelArray(array, m, del, n, k);
return 0;
}Output
2 smallest numbers after deleting the elements are 2 5
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