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Difference between Propositional Logic and Predicate Logic
Logical reasoning is one of the main subjects of computer science and mathematics. This reasoning helps in making the decisions of whether different types of mathematical arguments are correct or not.
It can be divided into propositional logic and predicate logic. Both of these topics are required for different subjects like mathematics, philosophy, computer science, etc. These concepts are very complex and are used in creating various types of arguments. Let us discuss the difference between propositional logic and predicate logic.
What is Propositional Logic?
A proposition consists of a truth value which should not be ambiguous to the two values which can be either true or false. Propositional logic is applied to make an analysis of a statement in a composite or individual manner.
Examples of Promotional Logic
There are a few examples of propositional logic which are given below −
- The sun rise in the east and sets in the west is true
- 9 < 8 is false
- If the variables A and B are true, the result is true
What is Predicate Logic?
A predicate consists of the properties of a sentence along with additional information. Values can be added to a predicate with the help of different variables and it is known as quantified predicate.
Difference between Propositional Logic and Predicate Logic
Here is a table of difference between propositional and predicate logic.
| Propositional Logic | Predicate Logic |
|---|---|
| The values of this logic can be either true or false but they cannot be ambiguous. | The values in a predicate table depend on the true and false values of different variables. |
| Logical operators are used in propositional logic | Predicate logic is applied by adding quantifiers to a proposition. |
| It is a general logic | It is a special logic. |
| This is a logic in which different types of declarative statements are included whose values can be true or false. | This is a logic which consists of objects and functions and the relation between them. |
| Scope analysis is not part of propositional logic. | The scope of the subject over the predicate is analyzed in this logic. Three quantifiers are used which include −
|
| It cannot be used to deal with a set of entities. | Quantifiers are used in this logic to deal with a set of entities. |
| Propositional logic is also known as Boolean logic as the result can be either true or false. This is the reason it is called basic logic. | This is an advanced level of propositional logic in which the main points that are to be covered which include predicates and quantifications. |
Conclusion
Propositional and predicate logic are used in different subjects like computer science, philosophy, mathematics, etc. Propositional logic depends on true and false values and does not support ambiguous values. Predicate logic is an advanced level of propositional logic and depends on the values of propositional logic.
FAQs on Propositional Logic Vs. Predicate Logic
1. To which subjects propositional and predicate logic are related?
Predicate logic and propositional logic are related to subjects like mathematics, philosophy, computer science, etc.
2. What types of values are supported by propositional logic?
Propositional logic supports only two values which are true or false. That is the reason it is also known as Boolean Logic. Predicate logic depends on the values of propositional logic.
3. What are the logical operators used in the propositional logic?
The logical operators that are used in propositional logic are −
- AND (∧)
- OR (∨)
- NOT (¬)
- IMPLIES (→)
- IF AND ONLY IF (↔)
4. Declarative sentences are part of which logic?
Declarative sentences are part of propositional logic. These sentences are formed in such a way that their answers can be either true or false. Ambiguous sentences cannot become a part of propositional logic.
5. What types of quantifiers are used in predicate logic?
The quantifiers used in the predicate logic are −
- Universal Quantifier
- Existential Quantifier
- Uniqueness Quantifier
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