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Convert all types of smart quotes with PHP
The below lines of code can be used, wherein UTF-8 input is expected.
$chr_map = array(
// Windows codepage 1252
"\xC2\x82" => "'", // U+0082⇒U+201A single low-9 quotation mark
"\xC2\x84" => '"', // U+0084⇒U+201E double low-9 quotation mark
"\xC2\x8B" => "'", // U+008B⇒U+2039 single left-pointing angle quotation mark
"\xC2\x91" => "'", // U+0091⇒U+2018 left single quotation mark
"\xC2\x92" => "'", // U+0092⇒U+2019 right single quotation mark
"\xC2\x93" => '"', // U+0093⇒U+201C left double quotation mark
"\xC2\x94" => '"', // U+0094⇒U+201D right double quotation mark
"\xC2\x9B" => "'", // U+009B⇒U+203A single right-pointing angle quotation mark
// Regular Unicode // U+0022 quotation mark (")
// U+0027 apostrophe (')
"\xC2\xAB" => '"', // U+00AB left-pointing double angle quotation mark
"\xC2\xBB" => '"', // U+00BB right-pointing double angle quotation mark
"\xE2\x80\x98" => "'", // U+2018 left single quotation mark
"\xE2\x80\x99" => "'", // U+2019 right single quotation mark
"\xE2\x80\x9A" => "'", // U+201A single low-9 quotation mark
"\xE2\x80\x9B" => "'", // U+201B single high-reversed-9 quotation mark
"\xE2\x80\x9C" => '"', // U+201C left double quotation mark
"\xE2\x80\x9D" => '"', // U+201D right double quotation mark
"\xE2\x80\x9E" => '"', // U+201E double low-9 quotation mark
"\xE2\x80\x9F" => '"', // U+201F double high-reversed-9 quotation mark
"\xE2\x80\xB9" => "'", // U+2039 single left-pointing angle quotation mark
"\xE2\x80\xBA" => "'", // U+203A single right-pointing angle quotation mark
);
$char_val = array_keys ($chr_map); // but: for efficiency you should
$rpl = array_values($chr_map); // pre-calculate these two arrays
$str = str_replace($char_val, $rpl, html_entity_decode($str, ENT_QUOTES, "UTF-8"));Explanation
Every unicode character belongs to exactly one "General Category".
Out of these, the ones that can contain quote characters are −
Ps "Punctuation, Open" Pe "Punctuation, Close" Pi "Punctuation, Initial quote (might behave like Ps or Pe depending on its usage)" Pf "Punctuation, Final quote (might behave like Ps or Pe depending on its usage)" Po "Punctuation, Other"
If the user is not sure about the input being UTF-8 encoded, the below code can be placed before performing other operations −
if ( !preg_match('/^\X*$/u', $str)) {
$str = utf8_encode($str);
}If the data needs to be normalized in the range 0x80-0x9F, the below code can be used −
$normalization_map = array( "\xC2\x80" => "\xE2\x82\xAC", // U+20AC Euro sign "\xC2\x82" => "\xE2\x80\x9A", // U+201A single low-9 quotation mark "\xC2\x83" => "\xC6\x92", // U+0192 latin small letter f with hook "\xC2\x84" => "\xE2\x80\x9E", // U+201E double low-9 quotation mark "\xC2\x85" => "\xE2\x80\xA6", // U+2026 horizontal ellipsis "\xC2\x86" => "\xE2\x80\xA0", // U+2020 dagger "\xC2\x87" => "\xE2\x80\xA1", // U+2021 double dagger "\xC2\x88" => "\xCB\x86", // U+02C6 modifier letter circumflex accent "\xC2\x89" => "\xE2\x80\xB0", // U+2030 per mille sign "\xC2\x8A" => "\xC5\xA0", // U+0160 latin capital letter s with caron "\xC2\x8B" => "\xE2\x80\xB9", // U+2039 single left-pointing angle quotation mark "\xC2\x8C" => "\xC5\x92", // U+0152 latin capital ligature oe "\xC2\x8E" => "\xC5\xBD", // U+017D latin capital letter z with caron "\xC2\x91" => "\xE2\x80\x98", // U+2018 left single quotation mark "\xC2\x92" => "\xE2\x80\x99", // U+2019 right single quotation mark "\xC2\x93" => "\xE2\x80\x9C", // U+201C left double quotation mark "\xC2\x94" => "\xE2\x80\x9D", // U+201D right double quotation mark "\xC2\x95" => "\xE2\x80\xA2", // U+2022 bullet "\xC2\x96" => "\xE2\x80\x93", // U+2013 en dash "\xC2\x97" => "\xE2\x80\x94", // U+2014 em dash "\xC2\x98" => "\xCB\x9C", // U+02DC small tilde "\xC2\x99" => "\xE2\x84\xA2", // U+2122 trade mark sign "\xC2\x9A" => "\xC5\xA1", // U+0161 latin small letter s with caron "\xC2\x9B" => "\xE2\x80\xBA", // U+203A single right-pointing angle quotation mark "\xC2\x9C" => "\xC5\x93", // U+0153 latin small ligature oe "\xC2\x9E" => "\xC5\xBE", // U+017E latin small letter z with caron "\xC2\x9F" => "\xC5\xB8", // U+0178 latin capital letter y with diaeresis ); $chr = array_keys ($normalization_map); // but: for efficiency you should $rpl = array_values($normalization_map); // pre-calculate these two arrays $str = str_replace($chr, $rpl, $str);
Updated on: 06-Apr-2020
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