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PHP
Articles by Urmila Samariya
Page 11 of 11
str_starts_with and str_ends_with function in PHP 8
str_starts_with and str_ends_with function are added in PHP 8 to check if a given string starts or ends with another string or not. If it starts and ends with another string, it returns true, otherwise false.Examplestr_starts_with('hello haystack', 'hello'); //starts string found 'True' str_starts_with('hello haystack', 'stack'); //ends string found 'True'str_starts_with('hello haystack', 'hay'); //starts string found 'False' str_starts_with('hello haystack', 'hay'); //ends string found 'False'str_starts_with() function in PHP 8This function checks if a given string starts with the string needle. It returns true if the first string is found, otherwise false.str_starts_with(string $haystack, string $needle): boolExample : using str_starts_with() function.OutputString starts with 'hello'Note: If ...
Read MoreWhat are Weak Maps in PHP?
Weak Maps were added in PHP 7.4. It can be used to remove or delete objects when the cache refers to objects entity classes. It references to those objects, which does not avoid objects from memory garbage collected. In PHP 8, weak maps allow us to store random data linked to objects, without leaking any memory.In other words, a weak map in PHP 8 is a group of objects in which keys weakly reference. A weak map uses a class to create an object which can be used as a key, which can help to remove and destroy the weak ...
Read MoreWhat is Trailing Comma in PHP?
Trailing commas are being used in PHP since PHP 7.2 version. We can use trailing commas in the last item in the array. We can add the element of the array without modifying the last line of the item if the line is already using a trailing comma.Trailing Commas before PHP 8.0Before PHP 8, we were not able add a comma to the end of the last parameter.Examplefunction($x, $y, $z){ }In PHP 8.0In PHP 8, we can add trailing commas at the end of the last parameter. PHP 8 allows using the trailing commas in the parameter list and Closure ...
Read MoreNullsafe Operator in PHP 8
PHP 8 uses nullsafe operator instead of a null check condition. Using the nullsafe operator, we can use a chain of calls. While evaluating the elements, if one chain element fails, then the execution of the entire chain will abort and it evaluates to null.When the left-hand side operator evaluates to null, then the whole chain of execution will stop and it evaluates to null. If it does not evaluate to null, then it will behave like a normal operator.The nullsafe operator can be chained, and the expression will be short-circuited from the first nullsafe operator that meets null.$employee->getDepartment()?->getAddress()->format();The nullsafe ...
Read MoreUnion Type in PHP 8
Using Union Type in PHP 8, we can use the values of two or more types, instead of using a single type. To specify multiple types, vertical line (|) is used to join them.Union type supports parameters, return types, and properties.Syntaxtype1|type2|……|type_nExample 1: Union TypeExample 2: PHP 8 Program using Union TypeOutput511.54Nullable Types in Union TypeIn PHP 7.1, nullable type is used with the question mark ?type. In PHP 8, we can declare nullable types as type|null. For example: float|int|null, but we cannot declare it as ?float|int.Nullable Types Syntaxtype1|type2|nullWe should not declare like ?type1|type2 because this would be an ambiguous declaration.Compile-time ...
Read MoreAttributes in PHP 8
Attributes are kinds of classes that can be used to add metadata to other classes, functions, class methods, class properties, constants, and parameters. Attributes do nothing during runtime.Attributes have no impact on the code, but available for the reflection API. Attributes in PHP 8 allow other code to examine the class properties and methods.We can have more than one attribute to a declaration.It may resolve the class name.Attributes can be namespaced.It may have zero or more parametersPHP 8 Attribute SyntaxIn PHP 8, #[ ] (# and square brackets) is used for an attribute declaration.We can declare multiple attributes inside #[ ], ...
Read MoreReading Attributes with Reflection API in PHP 8
In PHP 8, we use classes, properties, and class constants, methods, functions, parameters to access the attributes.In PHP 8, Reflection API delivers the getAttribute() method on every matching Reflection object.The getAttribute() method returns an array of ReflectionAttribute illustrations that can be asked for attribute name, arguments and to instantiate an instance of the signified attribute.Example − Reading Attributes with the Reflection API in PHP 8OutputArray ( [Reading] => Array ( ) [Property] => Array ( [type] => function [name] => Student ) )
Read MoreGroup Use declarations in PHP 7
In PHP 7, Group Use declaration is more readable and can be used to import classes, constants, and functions easily from the same namespace.Group Use declaration is used to import multiple structures easily from a namespace and cuts a good level of volubility in most cases. It is also useful to identify the multiple imported entities which belong to the same module.Example 1The following example shows the code before PHP 7 −Example 2The following example shows the code for PHP7 or PHP 7+use com\India\{ClassX, ClassY, ClassZ as Z}; use function com\India\{fn_x, fn_y, fn_z}; use const com\India\{ConstX, ConstY, ConstZ};ExplanationIn Example 1, ...
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