Introduction M. S. Tswett, a Russian scientist, introduced the chromatographic technique. The technique that has been used for the separation of particles present in a given mixture is chromatography. In which the mobile phase moves through the stationary phase and the separation of particles present in the mixture takes place ... Read More

Introduction The Common Ion Effect (CIE) is founded on Le Chatelier's Principle, which governs the chemical equilibrium of salts as well as other weak electrolytes including associated ions in solutions. This phenomenon is frequently employed to modify the solubilities of salts with weak electrolytes, as well as to separate salts ... Read More

Introduction If a structure is chiral, conformational isomers have various spatial arrangements of atoms but identical bond connections & configurations. Fast rotations about single bonds produce variations in dihedral angles in between vicinal groups, resulting in these various configurations. Because the energy barriers for switching from one conformational isomer to ... Read More

Introduction A conjugated diene binds with only an alkene to form a cyclohexene compound in either the Diels-Alder mechanism. Around the mid-1900s, Otto Diels, a researcher at the University of Kiel in Germany, had been experimenting with his student Kurt Alder to discover a mechanism that might readily generate additional ... Read More

Introduction Diethyl ether is represented by the formula $\mathrm{(C_{2}H_{5})_{2}O}$. It is an organic compound sometimes represented as $\mathrm{Et_{2}O}$. Diethyl ether is colourless, sweet-smelling, and highly volatile. Its molar or molecular weight is 74.123g/mol. Its density is 0.7134 g/𝑐𝑚3. Also, it is an extremely flammable liquid. It acts as a component ... Read More

Introduction A base is indeed a material that, while dispersed in an aq. solution, yields 𝑂𝐻− ions. Base compounds have a harsh taste (particularly alkalis) but also are generally slippery to the contact. Alkalis seem to be essentially water-soluble bases. The word 'alkali' refers to alkali metals and alkaline earth ... Read More

Introduction In the classification of organic chemical substances, both esters, as well as ether, are functional groups. The categorization of chemical components facilitates the analysis of their characteristics within the context of the group overall. Esters, as well as ethers, are both functional families of chemical molecules that are widely ... Read More

Introduction The fundamental states of matter in which the molecules are closely arranged or packed are solid. So there is a strong attractive force is present in the molecules of solids. Solid has a definite shape and structural rigidity compared to other states of matter. It will not flow or ... Read More

Introduction We often confuse orbits with orbitals as are the same things but this is completely a misconception. There is a major difference between orbits and orbitals. We know that electrons revolve around the nucleus, these pathways in which electron revolves are known as orbits. In these pathways, there is ... Read More

Introduction Water molecules are maintained close to one another by an unknown force, as is common knowledge. The molecules can travel around without restriction. However, in addition to this force, the water molecules also have some kind of thermal energy, which is generated by extraordinarily fast vibrations. As a result, ... Read More