Introduction Various organic compounds, such as cycloalkanes, have distinct features based on their structure. Body fat exists in humans & some food, as well as hair products, contain these hydrocarbons. As a result, these organic compounds can be found in all aspects of daily life. Numerous organic compounds ... Read More

Introduction Copernicium was discovered in 1996 by researchers supervised by Sigurd Hofmann at the Heavy Ion Research Lab in Darmstadt, Germany. Copernicium element has an atomic no. 112 with the sign Cn. This is a man-made element that is exceedingly radioactive. Within the periodic table, Cn belongs to such d-block, ... Read More

Introduction Conductometric titration is one of the types of titrations where chemical reactions are carried out with the help of a conductometer. Like in any other titration, an indicator is used to determine the endpoint; here a conductometer is used to find the endpoint of a reaction. It works ... Read More

Introduction In polymer chemistry, a significant quantity of important and practical polymeric substances are formed by conventional transformations of functional groups of polyfunctional reactants. In such a reaction, a smaller molecule is produced as a byproduct. This process generally involves the combination of two or more monomers with distinct ... Read More

Introduction Minerals are present in ore in complexes with other components. The extraction of a metal refers to the process of extracting metal out of its ores. Metallurgy is the study of the processes of obtaining metals from their ores and purifying them. There is no single method for removing ... Read More

Introduction Hydrocarbons as the name suggests are a combination of hydrogen and carbon molecules. Combustion refers to the process where a substance burns in the presence of oxygen, or, the substance undergoes burning in the presence of air or oxygen to give heat and light. Combustion of hydrocarbons refers to ... Read More

Introduction The technique of separating a mixture of chemicals into their constituents based on their interactions with an inert matrix is known as chromatography. However, it is much more than a basic procedure; it is an essential aspect of research that encompasses bio and physical chemistry, chemical engineering, or other ... Read More

Introduction We studied in the previous classes that the system of two linear equations in two variables namely $\mathrm{a_{1}x\:+\:b_{1}y\:=\:c_{1}\:and\:a_{2}x\:+\:b_{2}y\:=\:c_{2}}$ will have unique solution if $\mathrm{\frac{a_{1}}{b_{1}}\:\neq\:\frac{a_{2}}{b_{2}}\:i.e.\:a_{1}b_{2}\:-\:b_{1}a_{2}\:\neq\:0}$. Thus, $\mathrm{(a_{1}b_{2}\:-\:b_{1}a_{2})}$ is the determining factor for the system of two linear equations. We define $\mathrm{a_{1}b_{2}\:-\:b_{1}a_{2}}$ to be the determinant of the square ... Read More

Introduction We need to develop various mathematical models to establish relationships between multiple variables in real life. In this direction, differential equations play an important role. These are applied parts of mathematics and used in calculus. In this tutorial, we will discuss the meaning, order, degree, and types of differential ... Read More

Introduction You go shopping on a bright sunny day. You chose nice jeans and decided to pay with a credit card. But suddenly you realized that you couldn't remember your PIN. What a tragedy! Now what you can think of is to list all possible combinations to understand your pin. ... Read More