Introduction Nephritis is a disease which occurs in the kidney and results in failure to filter out the waste from the blood. An excessive amount of water gets filtered out from the human body due to the proper function of the kidney. Due to the failure in kidney function, an ... Read More

Introduction Nematodes are considered a group of worms, and they occur naturally. The worms are hard to detect visually. They can also be called common soil pests as they affect plants. They live in the soil at low levels and can enter the farm through infected transplants. They are the ... Read More

Introduction Light is represented by an Electromagnetic Wave (EMW), where it travels by oscillating electric and magnetic field intensities simultaneously. Here, the electric field will be perpendicular to the magnetic field and vice versa. Not only that, these two components together oscillate perpendicular to the direction of propagation of light ... Read More

Introduction Electromagnetism is one of the most important branches of physics. Among the forces we see in our daily life, all the forces except gravity are electromagnetic. All the forces we encounter in life except gravity (including the tension of a wire, the vertical force of a surface, and the ... Read More

Introduction Capacitors are components used for two purposes - filtering and coupling. They are powered in a circuit with DC sources to acquire charge and dissipate the charge. Out of four types of capacitors which are discussed in detail in the coming sections, the electrolytic capacitor has a special construction ... Read More

Introduction Electricity and magnetism were initially separate subjects. Electricity was related to the charges and magnetism was related to the magnetic materials only. However in the 19th century a Danish physicist, Oersted demonstrated that there is a relation between these two. He found that electric current can create a magnetic ... Read More

Introduction We do many works in our daily life. We do many of them through our physical activities. Some work is done with tools and other devices. But they also require energy. There are many types of energy like electrical energy, mechanical energy, thermal energy, light energy, and wind energy. ... Read More

Introduction Most people are very doubtful about the terminology ‘Potential’. In our school time when we first time listened to this term, we learned that potential is somewhat related to the position. However, it means capacity or strength. The term electric potential represents the strength of electricity. When we start ... Read More

Introduction When we study a charge or a system of charge, we see that every charge has a definite amount of electric field which exerts the electrostatic force of repulsion or attraction on other charges and charged particles according to their nature. The effect of electricity can be experienced with ... Read More

Introduction Electric current and conductors are essential for each other because the flow of current is only possible in conductors without any loss. The current is a flow of charges in a particular direction. The flow of current through a conductor is possible due to the difference in potential at ... Read More