Introduction Chromatography is a laboratory technique, especially in the analytical field used to separate a mixture of components present in a chemical species. There are different types of chromatographic techniques For the separation of mixtures into their units in the laboratory, the chromatographic technique is used. So, the method which ... Read More

Introduction The most common sort of solid material found in nature is crystalline solids. They are composed of atoms, ions, & molecules arranged in exact & repeating 3-D patterns, resulting in a crystal lattice that spans in all directions in a well microscopic structure. Unlike amorphous materials, crystalline solids have ... Read More

Introduction Erik Christian Clemmensen, a Danish chemist, published in 1913 that simple ketones, as well as aldehydes, interacted using amalgamated zinc in the existence of 40 percent aqueous HCl and a hydrophobic solvent including toluene can generate the respective alkanes after many hours of transit. Until then, the Clemmensen reduction ... Read More

Introduction Colloids are type particles that contain particles with a size more than atoms and molecules but are small enough to be visible by the naked eye. The studies regarding colloids began in the 19th century itself. In the 1820s Robert Brown discovered the random motion of colloidal particles present ... Read More

Introduction Jöns Jacob Berzelius proposed the word "electronegativity" in 1811. The propensity of an atom of a particular chemical element to draw the shared pair of electrons when a chemical connection is formed is called electronegativity. The symbol for it is X. The bond energy, the direction and strength of ... Read More

Introduction Ferrous sulphate or Iron (II) sulphate is the salt of the metal Iron and has a chemical formula FeSO4. Its main use is for the treatment of patients suffering from anaemia, Iron deficiency. The reactions of iron with sulphuric acid result in the formation of some salt. Further studies ... Read More

Introduction In terms of the development of chemistry, germanium was discovered very recently. Natural germanium derivatives tend to be water-insoluble, like aluminium and silicon, and so have low oral toxicity. Some copper ores and sphalerite zinc ores are used as the primary sources of germanium for extraction. Transistors and other ... Read More

Introduction We are burning fossil fuels and livestock and cutting forests that increase the global temperature and cause climate change. These activities release greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, etc. which are the main causes of the greenhouse effect. The sun radiates the earth by visible light, ultraviolet, ... Read More

Introduction Organometallic reagent called the Grignard reagent was created by French Scientist Victor Grignard. The symbol for it is RMgX. R stands for the alkyl group-containing molecule of carbon, which makes it an organic component, while Mg stands for magnesium which is metal. In the illustration, the X is a ... Read More

Introduction Heat capacity or thermal capacity is described as the quantity of heat essential to alter the temperature of an item by 1 unit. Heat capacity is an intrinsic attribute of material & may alternatively be described as the ratio of the quantity of heat absorbed by a system to ... Read More