IP (Internet Protocol) Address is an address of your network hardware. It helps in connecting your computer to other devices on your network and all over the world. An IP Address is made up of numbers or characters.All devices that are connected to an internet connection have a unique IP ... Read More

The WebClient class provides common methods for sending data to or receiving data from any local, intranet, or Internet resource identified by a URI.The WebClient class uses the WebRequest class to provide access to resources. WebClient instances can access data with any WebRequest descendant registered with the WebRequest.RegisterPrefix method.DownloadString Downloads ... Read More

The [] operator is called an indexer.An indexer allows an object to be indexed such as an array. When you define an indexer for a class, this class behaves similar to a virtual array. You can then access the instance of this class using the array access operator ([ ]).Indexers ... Read More

There are many ways to check whether internet is connected to a machine in C# or not. Make use of System.Net namespace which provides common methods for sending data to and receiving data from a resource identified by a URI. The WebClient or HttpClient class provides common methods for sending ... Read More

In a plot created by using ggplot package there exists an extra area around all the sides of the plot which uses extra space, thus we might want to get rid of that space by removing that extra margin area. It can be done by setting the scale for both ... Read More

The intersection of lists means the elements that are unique and common between the lists. For example, if we have a list that contains 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 2, 1 and the other list that contains 2, 2, 1, 2, 1 then the intersection will return only those elements ... Read More

When we generate a histogram in R using hist function, the x-axis labels are automatically generated but we might want to change them to values defined by researchers or by any other authority. Therefore, firstly we need to create the histogram by ignoring the labels and then axis function can ... Read More

The sum of diagonal elements could be required in matrix analysis therefore, we can convert the matrix into a table and find the sum of diagonal elements. This can be easily done by using sun function by extracting diagonal elements of the table using diag function. For example, if we ... Read More

Often, we have multiple values, vectors or columns of an R data frame that needs to be plotted on a single graph so that we can compare them at the same time or they have some kind of relationship among them. Therefore, we can use layout function along with matrix ... Read More

The fisher test helps us to understand whether there exists a significant non-random relationship among categorical variables or not. It is applied on contingency tables because these tables are used to represent the frequency for categorical variables and we can apply it on a matrix as well as matrices have ... Read More