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Articles by Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Page 156 of 196
How to create a line that passes through specified points in an R plot?
To create a line that passes through specified points, we first need to create the plot then using plot function then xspline function can be used to join the points with straight lines. The xspline function is specifically designed to draw curves and hence it can be also used to join points in a plot as shown in the below examples.Example1> plot(rpois(10,5)) > xspline(c(4,3,1),c(7,5,2))Output:Example2> plot(rnorm(10)) > xspline(c(4,3,1),c(0.3,-0.5,-1.5))Output:
Read MoreHow to create two 3d plots at a time in R?
The rgl package is specifically designed to create real-time interactive 3D plots and we can create two 3d plots using plot3d function of this package. Also, these plots can be viewed in the R console at a single point of time with the help of open3d() function.ExampleLoading rgl package:Example> library(rgl) > x y z plot3d(x,y,z)OutputExample> open3d() wgl 12 > plot3d(x,y,z,col=rainbow(5))Output
Read MoreHow to display the superscript for a single variable in a base R plot?
To display the superscript in a base R plot, we would need to use expression function inside text function. For example, if we want to display X-square inside a blank plot in base R then we can use the below code:plot(1:10,type="n") text(2,2,expression(X^2))Example1> plot(1:10,type="n") > text(2,2,expression(X^2==4))Output:Example2> text(5,5,expression(X^5==Center))Output:Example3> text(9,9,expression(Squared^2))Output:
Read MoreHow to create a sphere in R?
To create a sphere, we can use spheres3d function of rgl package. The rgl package is specifically designed to create real-time interactive 3D plots. If we want to create a sphere then we need to pass the values for the three axes and the radius of the sphere. We can also change the color of the sphere by introducing color argument inside spheres3d function.Example1Loading rgl package and creating a sphere:> library(rgl) > spheres3d(x=1,y=1,z=1,radius=1)Output:Example2> spheres3d(0,0,0,radius=1,color="blue")Output:Example3> spheres3d(0,0,0,radius=1,color="red")Output:
Read MoreHow to get the list of packages installed in base R?
There is no limitation to installation of packages in R but base R also has some packages associated to it. Hence, there is no need to install or load them in R console every time. We can directly use any of the base R package functions to perform the analysis. If we want to get the list of these package then we can use the code as shown below:Example> installed.packages(priority="base")OutputPackage LibPath Version Priority base "base" "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.0.2/library" "4.0.2" "base" compiler "compiler" "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.0.2/library" "4.0.2" "base" datasets "datasets" "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.0.2/library" "4.0.2" "base" graphics "graphics" "C:/Program Files/R/R-4.0.2/library" "4.0.2" "base" grDevices "grDevices" "C:/Program ...
Read MoreHow to create QR code in R?
A QR code is a barcode which is used to read the information about the object on which it is printed. This helps us to detect the useful information relevant to the object so that we can proceed with the next step depending on the operation. In R, we can create QR code by using qrcode_gen function of qrcode package.Example1Loading qrcode package:> library(qrcode)Creating a QR code for tutorialspoint:> qrcode_gen('www.tutorialspoint.com')Output:Example2> qrcode_gen('www.tutorix.com')Output:Example3> qrcode_gen('www.r-project.org')Output:
Read MoreHow to add a picture to plot in base R?
To add a picture to a plot in base R, we first need to read the picture in the appropriate format and then rasterImage function can be used. The most commonly used format for picture in R is PNG. A picture in PNG format can be added to a plot by supplying the values in the plot where we want to add the picture.ExampleLoading png package:> library(png)Reading png file:> Picture plot(1:10,ty="n")Output:Adding the picture in png file to the above plot:Example> rasterImage(Picture,3,3,7,7)Output:Example> plot(1:10,ty="n") > rasterImage(Picture,5,5,7,7)Output:
Read MoreHow to perform cartesian join for two data.table objects in R?
The cartesian join is the joining of two objects that creates the combination of each value in object with all the values in the other object. For example, if we have a vector x that contains 1, 2, 3 and the other object y contains a, b, c then the cartesian join will be 1a, 2a, 3a, 1b, 2b, 3b, 1c, 2c, and 3c. Check out the below examples to understand how it can be done.Example> library(data.table) > DT1 DT1Output x 1: 1 2: 2 3: 3 4: 4Example> DT2 DT2Output y 1: 25 2: ...
Read MoreHow to create a blank csv file in R?
We can create a blank csv file using a single line code in R and the function that can do this is cat. If we want to have the file blank then NULL value will be passed inside the function and the file name must be used. For example, if we want to create a blank file named as BlankCSV then it can be created by using the below code:> cat(NULL, file="BlankCSV.csv")Output:This is the output from documents folder of the system where all the R files are stored by default(we can change that location if we want to):The output of ...
Read MoreHow to determine if C# .NET Core is installed?
The following options are for dotnet by itself. For example, dotnet −−info. They print out information about the environment if not installed it will throw error.−−infoPrints out detailed information about a .NET Core installation and the machine environment, such as the current operating system, and commit SHA of the .NET Core version.−−versionPrints out the version of the .NET Core SDK in use.−−list−runtimesPrints out a list of the installed .NET Core runtimes. An x86 version of the SDK lists only x86 runtimes, and an x64 version of the SDK lists only x64 runtimes.−−list−−sdksPrints out a list of the installed .NET Core ...
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