Nizamuddin Siddiqui

Nizamuddin Siddiqui

1,958 Articles Published

Articles by Nizamuddin Siddiqui

Page 14 of 196

How to find the unique elements in multiple vectors in R?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 1K+ Views

To find the unique elements in multiple vectors, we can follow the below steps −First of all, create a number of vectors.Use setdiff function to find the common elements in all the vectors.Create the vectorsLet’s create a number of vectors as shown below −x

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How to find the starting position for consecutive values given the length of consecutive values in an R vector?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 813 Views

To find the starting position for consecutive values given the length of consecutive values in an R vector, we can follow the below steps −First of all, create a vector with duplicated values.Find the run length.Create a vector with FALSE of vector size.Find the starting position by setting running length of consecutive values to TRUE for given length.Create the vectorLet’s create a vector having many duplciates so that we can get same consecutive values −x

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How to apply different function to grouping values in an R data frame?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 211 Views

To apply different function to grouping values in an R data frame, we can follow the below steps −First of all, create a data frame.Then, use ifelse function to apply different function to grouping values.Create the data frameLet's create a data frame as shown below −x

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How to find the confusion matrix for linear discriminant analysis in R?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 2K+ Views

To find the confusion matrix for linear discriminant analysis in R, we can follow the below steps −First of all, create a data frame.Create new features using linear discriminant analysis.Find the confusion matrix for linear discriminant analysis using table and predict function.Create the data frameLet's create a data frame as shown below −Group

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How to create NA column for a contingency table in R?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 503 Views

To create NA column for a contingency table in R, we can follow the below steps −First of all, create a data frame with two columns having some NA values.Create a contingency table for two columns.Create the same table using useNA.Create the data frameLet's create a data frame as shown below −x

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How to find the summary by categorical variable in R?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 964 Views

To find the summary by categorical variable, we can follow the below steps −Use inbuilt data sets or create a new data set.Find the summary statistics with by function.Use inbuilt data setLet’s consider mtcars data set in base R −data(mtcars) head(mtcars, 25)On executing, the above script generates the below output(this output will vary on your system due to randomization) −                      mpg  cyl disp   hp  drat   wt   qsec vs am gear carb Mazda RX4             21.0 6   160.0 110  3.90 2.620 16.46 ...

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How to filter data frame by categorical variable in R?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 4K+ Views

To filter data frame by categorical variable in R, we can follow the below steps −Use inbuilt data sets or create a new data set and look at top few rows in the data set.Then, look at the bottom few rows in the data set.Check the data structure.Filter the data by categorical column using split function.Use inbuilt data setLet’s consider CO2 data set in base R −data(CO2) head(CO2, 10)On executing, the above script generates the below output(this output will vary on your system due to randomization) −Grouped Data: uptake ~ conc | Plant   Plant Type Treatment conc uptake 1 ...

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How to create a clone of a data frame in R without data values?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 744 Views

To create a clone of a data frame in R without data values, we can follow the below steps −First of all, create a data frame.Then, create the clone of the data frame by subsetting zero rows.Example 1Create the data frameLet's create a data frame as shown below −x1

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How to find the maximum of each outcome of two throws of a die in R?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 99 Views

To find the maximum of each outcome of two throws of a die, we can follow the below steps −Create the outcome of two throws of a die using expand.grid function.Finding the maximum of each outcome using pmin function.Generating the outcome of two throws of a dieUse expand.grid function to create the outcomes of throwing a die two times as shown below −M

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How to perform Friedman test in R?

Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Nizamuddin Siddiqui
Updated on 11-Mar-2026 461 Views

To perform Friedman test in R, we can follow the below steps −First of all, create a matrix.Then, use friedman.test function to perform the Friedman test.Example1Create the matrixLet's create a data matrix as shown below −First

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