A defendant in a criminal trial is a person who has been charged with committing an offense (a crime; an act that is prohibited under criminal law). In criminal trials, the opposing party is often the public prosecutor; however, private prosecutions are permitted in some countries. Police frequently detain criminal ... Read More

Cross-examining a witness is primarily used to determine whether or not the witness is credible. It is undoubtedly one of the most efficient methods and one of the fundamental principles that is essential for discovering the truth. Sections 135 to 166 of the Indian Evidence Act of 1872 cover the ... Read More

While arguing the case; more often, you might have observed that the advocates of both the parties (in both civil and criminal cases) quote decided cases along with the relevant laws. They enlist most of the decided cases, which were already decided by higher courts in the past. What ... Read More

The bailiff, also known as the court security officer, is in charge of ensuring the security of the courtroom and the safety of all attendees. They also uphold courtroom decorum and eject disruptive individuals. Announcing the judge's entrance, guiding witnesses and jurors to and from the jury box, managing large ... Read More

An Article of Association is like a user manual for a company that regulates the day-to-day activities of a company. It defines how to accomplish any tasks in an organisation. These are the articles which regulate the internal affairs and functioning of the company. They also contain some by- laws ... Read More

Usually, any dispute or case first filed in a lower court (if it is civil matter, then in civil court and if it is criminal matter, then in sessions court) and once it is decided by the lower court, then either of the parties (it could be winning party or ... Read More

Essentially put, a composed statement of actualities that's sworn some time recently a witness who has the control to oath is known as an affirmation. Each affidavit must be in composing and incorporate as it were the realities; conclusions are not permitted. It has been seen or affirmed by the ... Read More

The crime of killing someone has been the most leading part of a penal statute in all judicial systems across the world from ancient times. Though the act of killing someone is generally understood with a common perspective that it amounts to homicide (killing of a human being) however the ... Read More

The Constitution of India came into existence in 1950 while recognizing some vital rights of its citizens against the state and since then there have been more than hundred amendments to the Constitution, however, its essence and spirit are alive. The Constitution categories two types of rights which are named ... Read More

There are different Law Systems prevalent across the world which determine and set the essence, procedure and rules of the entire legal system of a country to complement its political-social-economic circumstances and to achieve its ideals. The Common Law System and Civil Law System are the widely prominent and prevalent ... Read More