At the state level, the High Court serves as the Supreme Court. India's High Courts have original, appellate, civil, criminal, ordinary, and exceptional jurisdiction. Under the Indian High Court Act of 1861, the first high courts were established in India in 1862 in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras, and exceptional jurisdiction. ... Read More

A democratic country like India provides certain rights to its citizens and enacts laws that protect and enforce these rights because "ubi jus ibi remedium, " i.e., there is no right without a remedy. Law is a set of rules that governs the actions of society by utilising rights. These ... Read More

To prevent one branch from interfering with the operations of the other two branches, the state is separated into three distinct branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial. Each has distinct independent powers and responsibilities. In essence, it is the guideline that each state government must adhere to in order to ... Read More

No matter who they are, all people have the freedom to live their lives as they choose. This means that even if someone is accused of committing a terrible crime, their right to defend themselves is sacred and cannot be taken away. According to Article 1 of the Universal Declaration ... Read More

Konakuppakatil Gopinathan Balakrishnan, an Indian judge who was previously the head of the country's national human rights commission, was born on May 12, 1945 in Kaduthuruthy, Travancore. He was the first Kerala-born judge to hold the position of Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. One of the longest terms in ... Read More

Justice Indira Banerjee was born on September 24, 1957 in Kolkata, West Bengal. She attended Kolkata's Loreto House for her formal education. She completed her higher education at the University of Calcutta's Department of Law and the Presidency College in Kolkata. She began representing clients before the Calcutta High Court ... Read More

Gender equality has been a faraway goal for the world for many years. As women have increasingly and persistently participated in some facets of society, the gap is being closed slowly but surely. Women in the legal profession serve as one illustration of this. The International Day of Women Judges ... Read More

Dhananjaya Yashwant Chandrachud, an Indian judge who was born on November 11, 1959, is the country's 50th and current Chief Justice. He served as the senior-most judge after the chief justice and as the ex-officio executive chairman of the National Legal Services Authority while serving on the Supreme Court of ... Read More

Even though Justice A. N. Ray was a lone witness, he did not hesitate to register his dissent, as he did in the Bank Nationalization Case (1970) and the Privy Purse Abolition Case (1971), both of which had 11-judge benches. He was also one of the six dissenters in the ... Read More

The most difficult times in India's democracy's antiquity may have occurred under Jayantilal Chhotalal Shah's administration. He was born in Ahmedabad on January 22nd, 1906, and in the 1970s he rose to the position of Chief Justice. He also presided over one of the most pivotal discussions over the Indian ... Read More