The session layer services are provided by a functional unit set, which constitutes the session layer. The session layer can be understanding as a general-purpose tool kit out of which the user selects the tools to be used.The functions provided by the session layers are as follows:Session EstablishmentThe session layer’s ... Read More

It is one of the parts of the upper layers. The Application Layer, Presentation Layer, and Session Layers form the OSI reference model's upper layers. They provide user-oriented services. The session layer provides a defined set of services to the presentation layerPresentation Layer uses session layer protocols and transport services. ... Read More

The User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is a very simple protocol in the Computer Network. Its inserts are limited to the fundamental functionality of Internet Protocol (IP). Like IP, it is an uncertain, connectionless protocol.We do not require to establish a connection with a host before exchanging data with it by ... Read More

SCTP stands for Stream Control Transmission Protocol. It is a new reliable, messageoriented transport layer protocol. SCTP, however, is mostly designed for Internet applications that have recently been introduced. These new applications, such as IUA (ISDN over IP), M2UA and M3UA (telephony signaling), H.248 (media gateway control), H.323 (IP telephony), ... Read More

SLIP stands for Serial Line Internet Protocol. SLIP is an Internet protocol that allows users to gain Internet access using a computer modem. Today, SLIP is not used as frequently as its successor, PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol), which provides enhanced error detection and automatic configuration.SLIP is commonly used on dedicated serial ... Read More

IGMP stands for Internet Group Management Protocol. It is a protocol that allows several devices to share one IP address so they can all receive the same data. IGMP is a network layer protocol used to set up multicasting on networks that use the Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4). Specifically, ... Read More

HTTPHTTP stands for "Hypertext Transfer Protocol." HTTP is the protocol used to transfer data over the web. It is part of the Internet protocol suite and defines commands and services used for transmitting web page data.HTTP uses a server-client model. A client, for example, maybe a home computer, laptop, or ... Read More

VPN stands for Virtual Private Network. It allows you to connect your computer to a private network, creating an encrypted connection that masks your IP address to securely share data and surf the web, protecting your identity online.A virtual private network, or VPN, is an encrypted connection over the Internet ... Read More

Wireless LAN is one of the fastest-growing technologies. IEEE 802.11 refers to the set of standards that define communication for wireless LANs (wireless local area networks, or WLANs). The technology behind 802.11 is branded to consumers as Wi-Fi.Wireless LAN can be found on college campuses, in office buildings, in hospitals, ... Read More

There are three types of frame formats that are supported on a Token Ring network such as token, abort, and frame. The token format is the mechanism by which access to the ring is passed from one computer attached to the network to another device connected to the network.Here, the ... Read More