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Articles by Arnab Chakraborty
Page 133 of 377
Range Module in C++
Suppose we want a Range Module. This is a module that tracks ranges of numbers. Our task is to design and implement the following interfaces in an efficient manner.addRange(left, right). This will the half-open interval [left, right), tracking every real number in that interval. Now, adding an interval that partially overlaps with currently tracked numbers should add any numbers in the interval that are not already tracked.queryRange(left, right) . This will return true when every real number in the interval [left, right) is currently being tracked.removeRange(left, right), this will stop tracking every real number currently being tracked in the interval ...
Read MoreFind K-th Smallest Pair Distance in C++
Suppose we have an integer array; we have to find the kth smallest distance among all the pairs. The distance of a pair (A, B) is actually the absolute difference between A and B. So if the input is like [1, 3, 8], then all possible pairs are [1, 3], [3, 8], [1, 8], then when k = 2, the second smallest distance is 5 (8 - 3).To solve this, we will follow these steps −n := size of nums, x := 0for initialize i := 0, when i < n, update (increase i by 1), do −x := maximum ...
Read MoreCherry Pickup in C++
Suppose we have one N x N grid, this is filled with cherries. Each cell has one of the possible integers as follows −0 − Indicates cell is empty, so we can pass through1 − Indicates cell contains a cherry, that we can pick up and pass through-1 − Indicates the cell is containing a thorn that blocks the wayWe have to collect maximum number of cherries using these few rules −Start from position (0, 0) and end at (N-1, N-1) by moving right or down through valid path cellsAfter reaching the cell (N-1, N-1), returning to (0, 0) by ...
Read MoreCracking the Safe in C++
Suppose we have a box that is protected by a password. The password is a sequence of n digits where each digit can be one of the first k digits 0, 1, ..., k-1. So, when we are putting a password, the last n digits entered will automatically be matched against the correct password.So for example, assuming the correct password is "563", if we put "285639", the box will open because the correct password matches the suffix of the entered password. We have to find any password of minimum length that is guaranteed to open the box at some point ...
Read MoreSwim in Rising Water in C++
Suppose we have one N x N grid, each square grid[i][j] represents the elevation at that point (i, j). Now consider it has started raining. At time t, the depth of the water everywhere is t. We can swim from a square to another 4-directionally adjacent square when elevation of both squares individually is at most t. We can swim infinite distance in zero time.We should start from position (0, 0). We have to find the least time until we can reach the bottom right square (N-1, N-1)So if the input is like0123424232221512131515161117181920109876The correct way is colored. So the answer ...
Read MoreReaching Points in C++
Suppose we have a starting points (sx, sy), and target point (tx, ty), we have to check whether a sequence of moves exists from the start point to the end point. Here move consists of taking a point (x, y) and transforming it to either (x, x+y) or (x+y, y).So if the inputs are (1, 1) and (4, 5), then the answer will be true, this is because move (1, 1) to (2, 1), then (3, 1), then (4, 1), then (4, 5).To solve this, we will follow these steps −while tx > sx and ty > sy, do −if ...
Read MoreRemove Element in Python
Suppose we have an array num and another value val, we have to remove all instances of that value in-place and find the new length.So, if the input is like [0, 1, 5, 5, 3, 0, 4, 5] 5, then the output will be 5.To solve this, we will follow these steps −count := 0for each index i of numsif nums[i] is not equal to val, then −nums[count] := nums[i]count := count + 1return countExampleLet us see the following implementation to get a better understanding −class Solution: def removeElement(self, nums, val): count = 0 ...
Read MoreTransform to Chessboard in C++
Suppose we have one N x N board contains only 0s and 1s. Now in each move, we can swap any 2 rows, or any 2 columns. We have to find the minimum number of moves to transform the board into a "chessboard". If the solution does not exist, then return -1.So if the input is like −Then the output will be 2, as first two columns in the first move, then board will be like −Then swap second and 3rd rows −This is the chessboardTo solve this, we will follow these steps −n := size of bfor initialize i ...
Read MoreSearch Insert Position in C++
Suppose we have a sorted array arr and a target value, we have to find the index when the target is found. If that is not present, then return the index where it would be if it were inserted in order.So, if the input is like [1, 3, 4, 6, 6], and target = 5, then the output will be 3, as we can insert 5 at index 3, so the array will be [1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6]To solve this, we will follow these steps−n := size of Aif n < 1, then −return 0low := 0, high ...
Read MoreK-th Smallest Prime Fraction in C++
Suppose we have one sorted list, there is 1 and some prime numbers, now for every p < q in the list, we will consider fraction p/q, then we have to find which is the kth smallest fraction. We have to return an array as answer, so ans[0] will be p and ans[1] will be q.So if the input is like [1, 3, 5, 7], and k = 2, then the answer will be 1/5, as the fractions are 1/3, 1/5, 1/7, 3/5, 3/7, 5/7, the second smallest is 1/5.To solve this, we will follow these steps −Define Data, this ...
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