An Overview Hybridization and introgression are two different but often conflated concepts in biology. Hybridization refers to the mating of individuals from different species or populations to produce offspring with mixed genetic characteristics, while introgression refers to the transfer of genetic material from one species or population to another through ... Read More

Introduction Plant breeding is the process of altering the genetic makeup of a plant species to create new, more desirable varieties. It involves selecting certain individuals from a population and breeding them to produce offspring with specific traits. One of the key techniques used in plant breeding is foreground and ... Read More

Introduction In recent years, the development of gene-based markers has revolutionized the way scientists’ study genetic variation in organisms Gene-based markers are specific segments of DNA that are associated with particular genes and can be used to identify genetic variation in populations. These markers have numerous applications in a variety ... Read More

Introduction Genetic mapping is a crucial tool in the study of inheritance and evolution. It allows us to locate the genes that underlie traits of interest, such as disease susceptibility, crop yield, or even behavior. Two main types of genetic mapping are used in modern research − Association mapping. ... Read More

Introduction Allele mining has emerged as a powerful approach to identify novel genetic variations that can be used to improve crop traits. TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) and Eco-TILLING (Ecotype Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) are two widely used methods for allele mining in plants. These techniques ... Read More

Introduction Agricultural research has come a long way over the years, with the advent of new technologies and methods. One such method is Advanced Backcross Quantitative Trait Locus (AB-QTL) analysis, which has revolutionized the field of plant breeding. AB-QTL analysis is a powerful tool used to identify the genetic basis ... Read More

Introduction Genes are the building blocks of life, and they determine everything from the color of our eyes to our susceptibility to diseases. Two of the most well-known and widely studied gene systems are the Trp and Lac operons. These operons are involved in regulating the expression of genes in ... Read More

Introduction As one of the central molecules of life, RNA plays a vital role in the transfer of genetic information from DNA to proteins. While DNA serves as a blueprint for building an organism, RNA acts as a messenger that carries the genetic information from the DNA to the ribosomes, ... Read More

Introduction The translation is a process by which the genetic information contained in the mRNA (messenger RNA) is decoded to produce a protein. The process of translation is a complex mechanism that occurs in every living cell and is essential for the proper functioning of the organism. It is a ... Read More

Introduction Translation and post-translational modifications (PTMs) are two essential processes that play a critical role in the production and function of proteins in living cells. Translation is the process by which the genetic information encoded in the messenger RNA (mRNA) is converted into a functional protein. PTMs are covalent modifications ... Read More