Introduction Around 250, 000 years ago, the Neanderthal species first appeared. Neanderthals are thought to have been closely related to modern humans. In 1829 the first Neanderthal fossil was discovered, but it was recognised as a potential human ancestor later in the 19th century. They are not our ancestors directly. Fossil and genetic data show that they are distinct species that developed as a side branch in our family tree. Research has shown a more complex image, which contrasts with the negative portrayal of these people as stupid and nasty cavemen. Despite great hardship, Neanderthals survived for hundreds of thousands ... Read More

Introduction Although marriage is a phenomenon that occurs in all communities, the pattern of marriage varies from society to society. Different sorts of marriages are common in different countries, and each culture has its idea of what marriage is and means. Despite not being the same across all societies, marriage laws serve essentially the same purposes. Marriage has attracted attention as a result of the times we live in, and the institution itself is undergoing numerous changes. What was the original concept of marriage? The history of marriage predates written history by a very long time, but the oldest ... Read More

Introduction Society is run by rules and regulations. In the same way, they have few regulations for marriage which it binds individuals to marry or not. While choosing a mate people to have to follow certain suitability rules because it is considered that marriage controls and regulates sexual behaviour. The person might be prohibited from acquiring the mate based on these regulations to prevent inbreeding disadvantages (physical defects, abnormalities may develop in close relatives), and social role conflicts and it can be advantageous for a social alliance between different clans or families if marriage within the family is prohibited. ... Read More

Introduction Marriage payments, also known as bride wealth or dowry, are payments made by one party (usually the groom or his family) to the other party (usually the bride or her family) as a condition of marriage. These payments can take various forms, such as cash, property, or goods, and serve different purposes depending on the cultural context. "Bridewealth" is the payment made by the groom or his family to the bride or her family in exchange for the bride's hand in marriage. Dowry is the payment made by the bride or her family to the groom or his ... Read More

Introduction Anthropology is the scientific study of people that is based on both the historical and modern human species. The branch of Anthropology that deals with human languages in terms of the societies that formed them is known as linguistic anthropology. It investigates the role that language plays in the formation and maintenance of cultural identities, relationships, and beliefs. To understand how language influences the mind, linguistic anthropologists examine grammatical structures and communication activities. One of the four main subfields of anthropology is linguistic anthropology. How does Linguistic Anthropology work? Linguistic anthropologists frequently take part in and observe communication ... Read More

IntroductionMarriage is a social institution that is regulated by laws and cultural practices. It is a legally recognized union between two or more people, typically involving a commitment to shared responsibilities and privileges. Marriage laws and customs vary widely across cultures and can dictate the requirements for a valid marriage, the rights and obligations of spouses, and the eligibility for divorce. The concept of marriage has evolved over time and continues to change in different societies. Marriage can serve various purposes, including procreation, companionship, and the creation of social and economic ties. Rules Governing Marriage Rules governing marriage vary ... Read More

Introduction Homo sapiens , the modern man, is unquestionably a primate and a distant cousin of monkeys and apes. Few people, nevertheless, are aware of their link. A little, nocturnal, insectivorous animal is most likely where the early primates originated. The two species that are most closely related to primates are tree shrews and colugos, commonly referred to as flying lemurs. The tree shrew serves as a live example of how early primates, or primate ancestors, could have looked. Primates or their predecessors entered the trees and adapted to an arboreal habitat at some time. Classification The two techniques that ... Read More

Introduction Ethnography is a qualitative research method used to study cultures, communities, and societies. It is often used by anthropologists, sociologists, and other social scientists to understand the complex social dynamics and cultural practices of different groups of people. It is a widely accepted research method in the social sciences. Ethnography uses a combination of techniques, primarily participant observation and in-depth interviews, in order to collect data on the research subject. The ethnographer aims to understand the culture and behavior of the people being studied on their own terms and within their own context. The ethnographic approach is ... Read More

IntroductionEthnocentrism is a term applied to cultural or ethnic biases. In terms of social science and anthropology, it simply means believing one’s own culture superior and comparing other cultures with reference to their own standards, beliefs, practices and customs, hence, considering others as inferior. Ethnocentrism creates a social difference between ingroup : meaning one’s own group and outgroup : meaning another cultural group. It results in cultural prejudice and discrimination. It signifies high regard of one’s ingroup according to Sumner. Origin and development The word Ethnocentrism is derived from two Greek words, ‘ethnos’ meaning nation and ‘kentron’ meaning centre, thus ... Read More

Introduction Anatomy is the branch of biology that deals with the internal structures of animals or plants. This study helps us to gain insight into the internal systems of an organism, its adaptive features, its ancestors, etc. Comparative anatomy of Man and Apes performs the same function, wherein various internal parts of man and apes are compared to find out the evolutionary processes, the point of divergence, similarities, main ancestors, etc. Man and Apes, even though they belong to the category of primates, are two different species. This difference is due to their genetic makeup, which led to their evolution ... Read More