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Python Articles
Page 826 of 852
How to generate XML documents with namespaces in Python?
Currently you cannot add namespaces to XML documents directly as it is not yet supported in the in built Python xml package. So you will need to add namespace as a normal attribute to the tag. For example,import xml.dom.minidom doc = xml.dom.minidom.Document() element = doc.createElementNS('http://hello.world/ns', 'ex:el') element.setAttribute("xmlns:ex", "http://hello.world/ns") doc.appendChild(element) print(doc.toprettyxml())This will give you the document,
Read MoreHow to print to the Screen using Python?
The basic way to do output to screen is to use the print statement.>>> print 'Hello, world' Hello, worldTo print multiple things on the same line separated by spaces, use commas between them. For example:>>> print 'Hello, ', 'World' Hello, WorldWhile neither string contained a space, a space was added by the print statement because of the comma between the two objects. Arbitrary data types can also be printed using the same print statement, For example:>>> import os >>> print 1, 0xff, 0777, (1+5j), -0.999, map, sys 1 255 511 (1+5j) -0.999 Objects can be printed on the same line ...
Read MoreExplain the visibility of global variables in imported modules in Python?
Globals in Python are global to a module, not across all modules. (Unlike C, where a global is the same across all implementation files unless you explicitly make it static.). If you need truly global variables from imported modules, you can set those at an attribute of the module where you're importing it.import module1 module1.a=3On the other hand, if a is shared by a whole lot of modules, put it somewhere else, and have everyone import it:global_module.py module1.py: import global_module def fun(): print global_module.var Other files: import global_module import module1 global_module.var = 3 module1.fun()
Read MoreHow to check if a python module exists without importing it?
To check if you can import something in Python 2, you can use imp module with try...except. For example, import imp try: imp.find_module('eggs') found = True except ImportError: found = False print foundThis will give you the output:FalseYou can also use iter_modules from the pkgutil module to iterate over all modules to find if specified module exists. For example, from pkgutil import iter_modules def module_exists(module_name): return module_name in (name for loader, name, ispkg in iter_modules()) print module_exists('scrapy')This will give the output:TrueThis is because this module is installed on my PC.Or if you ...
Read MoreHow to install and import Python modules at runtime?
You can use pip to install packages at runtime and importlib.import_module(moduleName) to import module by using its name as a string. For example,import pip import importlib def import_with_auto_install(package): try: return importlib.import_module(package) except ImportError: pip.main(['install', package]) return importlib.import_module(package) # Example if __name__ == '__main__': scrapy = import_with_auto_install('scrapy') print(scrapy)The above script installs the scrapy module and imports it when installation of the module completes.
Read MoreHow to develop programs with Python Namespaced Packages?
In Python, a namespace package allows you to spread Python code among several projects. This is useful when you want to release related libraries as separate downloads. For example, with the directories Package-1 and Package-2 in PYTHONPATH, Package-1/namespace/__init__.py Package-1/namespace/module1/__init__.py Package-2/namespace/__init__.py Package-2/namespace/module2/__init__.py the end-user can import namespace.module1 and import namespace.module2.On Python 3.3, you don't have to do anything, just don't put any __init__.py in your namespace package directories and it will just work. This is because Python 3.3 introduces implicit namespace packages.On older versions, there's a standard module, called pkgutil, with which you can 'append' modules to a given namespace. You ...
Read MoreHow we can copy Python modules from one system to another?
If you have your own Python modules you want to copy, you can simply copy them and run on other systems with Python installed. If you want to copy installed modules, the best way is to install the same version of Python on the second system. Then run$ pip freeze > installed_modules.txton the first system to get a list of the installed modules in the installed_modules.txt file. Now copy this file over to second system. Now use pip to install these modules using:$ pip install -r installed_modules.txtThis will install all modules that were installed on the first system. It is ...
Read MoreHow to use remote python modules?
There are ways to import Python modules remotely. It is not recommended to do so though as it will slow down your app. You can use the knockout module to achieve this. To install knockout use:$ pip install knockoutNow in order to import modules remotely, you can use knockout like:>>> from knockout import urlimport >>> urlimport.register() Url importing enabled. Add urls to sys.path.A valid url looks like this: http://example.com/path/to/repository/#packagenameThis stuff is experimental, use at your own risk. Enjoy.>>> import sys >>> sys.path.insert(0, 'http://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/download/3.x/BeautifulSoup-3.0.8/#BeautifulSoup') >>> import BeautifulSoup ... >>> BeautifulSoup If you are not able to install modules on a machine(due ...
Read MoreHow to install python modules and their dependencies easily?
The best and recommended way to install Python modules is to use pip, the Python package manager. It automatically installs dependencies of the module as well.If you have Python 2 >=2.7.9 or Python 3 >=3.4 installed from python.org, you will already have pip and setup tools, but will need to upgrade to the latest version:On Linux or macOS:pip install -U pip setuptoolsOn Windows:python -m pip install -U pip setuptoolsIf you’re using a Python install on Linux that’s managed by the system package manager (e.g "yum", "apt-get" etc…), and you want to use the system package manager to install or upgrade ...
Read MoreCan we keep Python modules in compiled format?
Yes you can keep Python modules in compiled format. Python automatically compiles Python source code when you import a module, so the easiest way to create a PYC file is to import it. If you have a module mymodule.py, just do:>>> import mymoduleto create a mymodule.pyc file in the same directory. A drawback is that it doesn’t only compile the module, it also executes it, which may not be what you want. (however, it does compile the entire script even if it fails to execute the script). To do this programmatically, and without executing the code, you can use the ...
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