Introduction If you have ever tried to take out honey by keeping the bottle upside down, it feels thick. It's due to the high viscosity of honey. And while pouring ketchup from the bottle, it takes more time to flow and needs an extra instantaneous force (by squeezing or squirting). This is because ketchup is also very thick. But viscosity in play is not the same in both cases. In the first case, there is Kinematic Viscosity When only gravitational force is in action, and in the second case, when you apply an external force by squeezing, dynamic viscosity is ... Read More

Introduction This gaseous theory describes the behavior of the gases contained in some vessels. The particles which are molecules or gases are always in random motion as they continuously move and collide with each other and collide with the container also. Also, there is some pressure and temperature within the container. The path acquired by molecules is straight and the path is known as the mean free path. after the collision, molecules collide with other molecules instantaneously and thus there is always velocity maintained. Kinetic Theory of Gases Gas contains a very huge number of particles whose size is negligible ... Read More

Introduction In our daily life, we commonly observe the motion of the air molecules when a light ray enters the dark through a small hole. the motion of air molecules is studied by the kinetic theory. With the help of the kinetic theory of various properties of the gas can be defined in terms of the pressure(P)and volume(V) as well as temperature(T) of the container where the gas is present. Tiny particles do not move in an upward or downward direction but they can move in all possible directions. We can’t see these particles as their size is very small ... Read More

Introduction Kinetic energy is the energy related to motion. For an object which is stationary, there is no kinetic energy. In this article, we are not talking about any energy change. For example, water is converted to heat energy and thus steam when heated. We can find many such energy changes in the environment and day-to-day life, but they are out of scope in this article. Here we discuss the kinetic energy which is associated with objects in motion. A moving object acquires kinetic energy due to the force applied to it, which can be expressed by an equation $\mathrm{KE=\frac{1}{2}mv^2}$ ... Read More

Introduction With rapid development and modernization, the need for abundant low-cost energy is growing tremendously. To fulfil these energy requirements, humans exploit energy resources in various ways. Although the various techniques and procedures followed in this process impact the environment positively, the negative impacts are much more harmful and of major concern to the sustainable development of society. What is an Energy Resource? Energy resource, as the name suggests, can be defined as a natural resource that can either acts as a source or can be converted into other forms of energy via human intervention to fulfill the energy needs. ... Read More

Introduction Every matter in the universe is composed of tiny particles called molecules. They attract each other with some attractive force. There exists an intermolecular force of attraction between molecules. Based on the force of attraction between the molecules, matter is classified into five categories. They are solid, liquid, gas, plasma, and Bose-Einstein. Solids are matter in which the distance between the molecules is very small and they are tightly bound to each other. Liquids are matter having molecules at a small distance and they are bound less tightly than solids. Plasma state molecules have high kinetic energy. The ... Read More

Introduction A body of matter which is confined in a particular space by the boundaries is called a thermodynamic system. They have definite permeability. According to their boundaries they may be classified as closed systems, open systems, and isolated systems. In an isolated system, there is no transformation of energy or matter across the boundaries of the system. There is no work done on the system. In a closed system, there is a transformation of energy but the matter cannot be transferred across the boundaries. In an open system, there is a free exchange of energy and matter across boundaries. ... Read More

Introduction It is the quantity that is related to the stretching or in this case the tensile forces. This is responsible for the lengthening of a particular material along the course of the axis on which the load is applied. The tensile stress thus is associated with the magnitude of the force that is being applied upon a rod that has a certain extent of elasticity and the magnitude is divided by the cross-sectional area which is perpendicular to the force that is being applied onto the material. The tensile is a subdivision of normal stress that is a force ... Read More

Introduction Measuring temperature is required in every aspect, as it is defined as a process that helps in identifying the current temperature of the respective body. In various fields, from industries of metallurgy to cooking, the temperature is being measured. However, over the years, several devices, as well as sensors, are used to conduct the measurement of the temperatures. This further means, Gauging temperatures and as it is a physical property it can be referred to as the substance of thermometric. Definition of Thermometer The sense of touch assists us with the knowledge of whether the respective object is cold ... Read More

Introduction Resistance is an obstacle that is present in an object with the flow of electrons. Objects with a lower amount of resistance can flow a higher amount of electrons. The significance of the current that is provoked strictly counts on the aspect of the item. Any item resists the flow of electric control which is named resistance. The dependency resistance is followed by the conductor’s geometry and it is as well as what the conductor is constructed from. However, it also relies on temperature. The Concept of Electrical Resistance The application of resistance can be found with the application ... Read More