In the present era, crater is an attraction not only for the geologists or other earth scientists, but also it fascinates tourists. People visit such places for their refreshment. Craters specially filled with water, such as Lonar Lake in Maharashtra, crater lake in Idaho, USA, crater lake in New Zealand, attract people. What does the Term Crater Define? Crater on the earth is a bowl-shaped depression that found either at the place of volcanic eruption or the place where meteorite had fallen in the past. It is usually created by the powerful explosion of volcanoes or some other extremely ... Read More

Alluvial plain is a common feature along the river course, but specifically in northern India, rivers like Ganga, Yamuna, Indus, and their various tributaries collectively made huge and extensive depositional landforms. Such landforms are flat and very fertile. What is an Alluvial Plain? Geographic features, formed by the deposition of sediment carried and spread by rivers over thousands of years, is known as alluvial plain. These extensive plains usually found at the lower reaches of river valleys (i.e. mature or middle stage) along its banksides. As discussed, it is very flat and very extensive and possess alluvial soil, ... Read More

There are hundreds of erosional and depositional geological structures on the earth’s surface. One of them is alluvial fan. Such fascinating depositional structures are the product of the intricate and combined processes of rivers, gravity, and ever-changing landscapes. Besides, it plays significant role in the natural processes. What is Alluvial Fan? Precisely, alluvial fan is a depositional geological feature formed by the deposition of sediments carried and deposited by the rivers. Such features formed at the foothills or at the base of mountainous region. It is notably a huge structure. Formation of Alluvial Fan Usually, during its young stage, ... Read More

Air temperature directly influences our daily lives. In fact, air temperature decides our cloth and living style as well. Low air temperature suggests us to wear woolen or warmth cloth and on the contrary, the high air temperature forces us to wear light and cotton cloth. On the other hand, if we talk at large scale, say country level or even global level, the air temperature shape weather pattern. What is the Meaning of Air Temperature? Air temperature defines the degree of hotness or coldness of the air in a given time period in a study area. Air ... Read More

Despite the fact that air is not visible, it exerts pressure and plays important role in defining and shaping the weather patterns of given geographic region. Air pressure plays role in formation of a new weather system and also known for causing sudden change in the existing weather. So, in this article, we will discuss the meaning, influence, and types of air pressure. What is the Meaning of Air Pressure? Literally, pressure refers to the force exerted by an object and usually there are two reasons behind it – the first one is – because of the weight of ... Read More

Earth atmosphere is an envelope of mixture of gases, known as air. There are different gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, etc. However, the properties of air are not uniform across the globe, but rather different in different region. In polar region, air is cold, in tropical region, air is warm. Such property defines the term air mass. What is Air Mass? In a technical language, an air mass is a huge volume of air, which temperature and humidity are uniformly same. Surprisingly, the are it covers, are very extensive. It covers, hundreds or sometimes, even thousands ... Read More

Sometimes, most of us must experience, a panoramic light above in the sky. Though this is not a common phenomenon, but nor it is rare; in fact, it can be experienced if you are vigilant about it. It can be seen during the night in a clear sky. So, in this article, we will explore its origin, characteristics, and causes that make it a captivating phenomenon especially for sky-watchers. What is Air Glow? Also known as nightglow, air glow is pale and diffuse illumination in the upper atmosphere of the earth, which is usually visible only during the night ... Read More

Air is the most essential and indispensable element of earth’s atmosphere. It is the basic element of life, as without air, we cannot imagine any sort of life on earth. Human life, animal life, plant life all needs air to live. However, there are different types of air, in which nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and argon are the most important. It is important to note that there is no air in the outer space. What is Air? Air is the mixture of several gases and tiny (invisible) dust particles, which largely present in the lower atmosphere of the earth. ... Read More

Our water world, specifically the oceans enshrined various mysterious geological features beneath it; one of them is abyssal plain. It is unexplored region under the oceanic water, where people cannot reach; however, it has its own role to play. What is Abyssal Plain? Also known as abyssal zone, abyssal plain is flat and extensive region located under deep oceanic water specifically on the ocean floor. This geological structure is very extensive and stretches across the ocean floor. It is found between 3, 000 meter and 6, 000-meter-deep below the surface water. Formation of Abyssal Plain Primarily, abyssal plains ... Read More