A ResultSet interface in JDBC represents the tabular data generated by SQL queries. It has a cursor which points to the current row. Initially, this cursor is positioned before the first row.Moving the pointer throughout result setThe next() method of the ResultSet interface moves the pointer of the current (ResultSet) object to the next row, from the current position. This method returns a boolean value, if there are no rows next to its current position it returns false, else it returns true. Therefore, using this method in the while loop you can iterate the contents of the result set.while(rs.next()){ }Getting the ... Read More

Following are the main differences between functions and procedures:FunctionsProceduresA function has a return type and returns a value.A procedure does not have a return type. But it returns values using the OUT parameters.You cannot use a function with Data Manipulation queries. Only Select queries are allowed in functions.You can use DML queries such as insert, update, select etc… with procedures.A function does not allow output parametersA procedure allows both input and output parameters.You cannot manage transactions inside a function.You can manage transactions inside a procedure.You cannot call stored procedures from a functionYou can call a function from a stored procedure.You ... Read More

Like procedures, you can also create function in a database and store them.SyntaxFollowing is the syntax of creating a function in a(MySQL) database:CREATE FUNCTION Function_Name(input_arguments) RETURNS output_parameter BEGIN    declare variables;    statements . . . . . . . . . .    return data_type;    ENDExampleSuppose we have a table named Emp in the database with the following content:+--------+------------+----------------+ | Name   | DOB        | Location      | +--------+------------+----------------+ | Amit   | 1970-01-08 | Hyderabad      | | Sumith | 1970-01-08 | Vishakhapatnam | | Sudha  | 1970-01-05 | Vijayawada     ... Read More

Stored procedures are sub routines, segment of SQL statements which are stored in SQL catalog. All the applications that can access Relational databases (Java, Python, PHP etc.), can access these procedures.Stored procedures contain IN and OUT parameters, or both. They may return result sets in case you use SELECT statements, they can return multiple result-sets.ExampleSuppose we have a table named Dispatches in the MySQL database with the following data:+--------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | Product_Name | Date_Of_Dispatch | Time_Of_Dispatch | Location         | +--------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | KeyBoard     | 1970-01-19       | 08:51:36         | Hyderabad ... Read More

Following are the advantages of the prepared statement:By avoiding multiple compilation and execution of statements, prepared statements perform faster.Using prepared statements, we can insert values to advanced datatypes such as BLOB, CLOB, OBJECT easily with the help of the setter methods provided by the PreparedStatement interface.By providing setter method to set values prepared statement avoids the use of quotes and other special characters with in the query, and thereby it escapes the SQL injection attacksFollowing are the limitations of prepared statements:Since a PreparedStatement object represents only one SQL statement at a time, we can execute only one statement by one ... Read More

While executing statements using Statement object, especially insert statements, each time a query is executed the whole statement is compiled and executed again and again where, the only difference among these statements is the values of the statements.Whereas, prepared statement is a precompiled statement i.e. the query is compiled and stored in the database, using place holders (?) instead of values and values to these place holders are supplied later.Thus, avoiding unnecessary compilation and execution of the statement again and again.ExampleSuppose, we have a table named Dataset in the database with the columns mobile_brand and unit_sale, if we want to ... Read More

At the end of your JDBC program, it is required explicitly to close all the connections to the database to end each database session. However, if you forget, Java's garbage collector will close the connection when it cleans up stale objects.Relying on the garbage collection, especially in database programming, is a very poor programming practice. You should make a habit of always closing the connection with the close() method associated with connection object.To ensure that a connection is closed, you could provide a 'finally' block in your code. A finally block always executes, regardless of an exception occurs or not.To ... Read More

You can call the SQL stored procedures using the CallableStatement interface. A Callable statement can have input parameters, output parameters, or both.You can create an object of the CallableStatement (interface) using the prepareCall() method of the Connection interface. This method accepts a string variable representing a query to call the stored procedures and returns a CallableStatement object.Suppose you have a procedure name myProcedure in the database you can prepare a callable statement as://Preparing a CallableStatement CallableStatement cstmt = con.prepareCall("{call myProcedure(?, ?, ?)}");Then you can set values to the place holders using the setter methods of the CallableStatement interface and execute ... Read More

If you are accessing one type of database, such as Oracle, Sybase, or IBM, the preferred driver type is 4.If your Java application is accessing multiple types of databases at the same time, type 3 is the preferred driver.Type 2 drivers are useful in situations, where a type 3 or type 4 driver is not available yet for your database.The type 1 driver is not considered a deployment-level driver, and is typically used for development and testing purposes only.

Once you have created the statement object you can execute it using one of the execute methods of the Statement interface namely, execute(), executeUpdate() and, executeQuery().The execute() method: This method is used to execute SQL DDL statements, it returns a boolean value specifying weather the ResultSet object can be retrieved.Exampleimport java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.sql.Statement; public class Example {    public static void main(String args[]) throws SQLException {       //Registering the Driver       DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.mysql.jdbc.Driver());       //Getting the connection       String mysqlUrl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/sampleDB";       Connection con = ... Read More