Introduction The plantation of Indigo made a critical situation for the farmers as this process of cultivation created an issue in the soil. Once the farmers started to grow indigo, they would face issues in planting other crops. British merchants on the other hand pushed the farmers to plant indigo as they made a huge profit by selling indigo in the international market. Background of Indigo Revolt Movement The cultivation of Indigo started in Bengal for the first time in 1777. A Frenchman named Loius Bonnaud introduced the cultivation of indigo to the subcontinent of India. He was the first ... Read More

Introduction Landowners in Maharashtra began a revolt against the order for increasing land revenue, which led to the riots of Deccan in India in 1875. The root cause of the riots was referred to as the Ryotwari system or the new revenue system of lands in the British-occupied territory of India. Background of Deccan Riots of 1875 British rulers introduced the Ryotwari system in the Deccan region of Maharashtra to increase revenue from the landowners. The collected payment was fixed under this system. The new land revenue was an agreement signed between the cultivator and the E.I.C . The determined ... Read More

Introduction Indian National Congress (INC) was established in 1885 with the active participation of Allan Octavian Hume and some other leaders. In pre-independence India, INC was considered one of the most influential political parties. The upliftment of lower classes of Indian citizens and the promotion of basic education among Indians were key working areas of INC. Indian society’s underprivileged sections were a focus area of INC. Indian National Congress Group Convention 1885 ©Multiple Authors Goa University, CC BY-SA 3.0 , via Wikimedia Commons The Objective of the Indian National Congress INC was established as a Pan-India organization to spread ... Read More

Introduction The Indian Independence Act, 1947 legislation was passed by the parliament of Britain that aimed for the independence of India and the partition between Pakistan and India. It was a renewed form of The Government of India Act, of 1935, which the government of Clement Attlee created. Clement Richard Attlee ©Winterbergen, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons Indian Independence Act 1947: Background The background − the act took a long process that was mainly started with the regulation of 1935, The Act of Indian Government. The government body of Clement Attlee drafted this legislation based on the plan of ... Read More

Introduction A very new class of Indian national leaders emerged at the very beginning of the 20th century. This class of leaders were different from the existing ones in their individual and unique thoughts. The main reason behind the emergence of extremists was several limitations of moderate leaders. Approaches of the moderate leaders toward the British ruler were found non-effective. Causes of Rising Extremists There are certain causes that lead the Indians to accept an aggressive approach against the British rulers. The first reason was all moderate leaders’ failure in getting fruitful results from the existing British rulers. Limitations ... Read More

Introduction During the outbreak of the 2nd World War, Japan invaded the southern part of Asia and in that situation; the army was built with around 70000 troupes of soldiers. The Singapore force was made up of 45000 soldiers in 1942. The first INA was formed under the guidance of Mohan Singh who was a former officer of The British Indian Army. Indian National Army: Background The former initiative received considerable support and guidance from the Imperial Japanese Army along with the Ethnic population of India, especially from the south or east region. The army was initially set up during ... Read More

Introduction The Indian Councils Act of 1892 was founded by Viscount Cross the first and Richard Assheton Cross. This act was made by the United Kingdom Parliament. This act assented royally on June 20th, 1892 and commenced on February 3rd 1893. Through this act, the shape of India's legislative Council was increased. The engagement of the people of India was also increased by British India's administration. The Indian Councils Act of 1892 brought a significant revolution and set a vital milestone in the political and constitutional history of India. What is the Indian Councils Act of 1892? The revolt of ... Read More

Introduction Indian Councils Act 1861 was adopted in the United Kingdom Parliament that changed the definition of the Governor General Council for the executive and legislative objectives. The most significant element of the act was Indian participation in the process of legislation. This act changed India’s executive council to work as a cabinet run on the portfolio system. The main purpose to introduce this law was that the British government wanted to entangle the people of India in the law-making process. This act was adopted on 1st August 1861. What is The Indian Councils Act 1861? Indian councils Act 1861 ... Read More

Introduction Nana Saheb mainly believed that the East-India Company gave him a pension. Though it was most probably refused by him after his father’s death the Britishers first refused to help him in that period. Later, Nana Saheb inherited the palace of Bithur which is located in Uttar Pradesh. Many high-handed policies and tuff burdens that came into his life made him decide to become a rebel. He was forced to surrender himself in the state of Kanpur. Nana Saheb Charles Forjett, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons Who was Nana Saheb? Nana Saheb was mainly adopted by the last ... Read More

Introduction Lala Lajpat Rai was one of the cornerstones in the history of the Indian freedom struggle. His contributions to the Indian freedom movement made him one of the notable cynosures in Indian history. He was later named the Punjab Kesari for his fierce participation in the Indian movement for freedom. He was one of the key members of the Indian National Congress (INC). During the movement of Hindu supremacy, he was appointed as a leader. After seeing the condition of the poor children he decided to establish many schools for them. Who Was Lala Lajpat Rai? Lala Lajpat Rai ... Read More