Introduction A Certificate Signing Request (CSR) is a document that contains information about the entity requesting an SSL/TLS certificate. The CSR includes the public key and relevant identifying information about the entity, such as its name and location. This information is used by a certificate authority (CA) to verify that the entity requesting the certificate is who they claim to be. The CSR is an essential part of the process of obtaining an SSL/TLS certificate because it allows for verification of your identity and ownership of your domain. Without a valid CSR, you cannot obtain an SSL/TLS certificate, which ... Read More

Introduction In today's world, where most of the communication and data transfer happens over networks and the internet, security has become a crucial issue. An unsecured network can allow malicious users to intercept, modify, or steal sensitive data. To ensure secure communication over a network, encryption plays an essential role. Secure Shell (SSH) is an encrypted protocol that allows you to access a remote system securely. It provides secure communication between two untrusted hosts over an insecure network. SSH keys are the authentication credentials used by SSH for secure communication between systems. They provide a more secure way ... Read More

Introduction In today's digital age, secure communication is a top priority for individuals and businesses alike. When sensitive data is transmitted over the internet, it is important that it remains confidential and protected from unauthorized access. This is where SSH keys come in. SSH keys are a type of authentication method used to establish a secure connection between two networked devices. They are cryptographic keys that enable secure data transmission through encryption. Unlike traditional username/password authentication methods, SSH keys are much more secure. Passwords can be guessed or hacked, but SSH key pairs are nearly impossible to break. ... Read More

In this article we are going to understand about the find command in Linux and also how to use the find command to delete files and directories in Linux. The find command The find command in Linux is a powerful command-line utility tool that helps you search, find or filter for files and directories based on the matching pattern specified by the user and allows you to perform subsequent operations on the result you get.The operations can be printing the files found, or deleting , reading the contents etc. The file searching will be done starting from the current ... Read More

In this article we are going to understand about the rsync command in Linux that deals with remote file synchronization.This article will provide practical examples on how to use rsync with the most commonly used options. Remote Synchronization or rsync is a powerful command line utility tool that takes care of synchronizing the files and directories between two machines remotely as well locally.While synchronizing the files one machine will act as the host and the next one as the destination. Linux system administrators are the most that make use of this command. You can use rsync command, to copy and ... Read More

Introduction Port forwarding is a technique that allows a network system to access resources from outside the network by forwarding specific ports. It's a process that involves an intermediary device (such as a router) to accept incoming connections on specified ports, then redirects the traffic to an internal device on the network. The end result is allowing remote devices to connect and communicate with services running on devices within the local network. In practical terms, it means that if you want to run a web server from your home computer, anyone trying to connect from outside your home network ... Read More

Introduction USB drives are popular portable storage devices that have become an integral part of our daily computing lives. They are small, lightweight, and easy to use, allowing us to store and transfer large amounts of data from one computer to another. With the increasing demand for data storage and transfer, USB drives have evolved significantly over the years with larger capacities and faster transfer speeds. In addition to being used for personal data storage and transfers, USB drives are also used for booting operating systems on different computers. Understanding the File Systems Supported by Linux In Linux, ... Read More

Introduction In the world of Unix-like operating systems, the cp command plays an essential role in file management. As the name suggests, this command allows you to copy files from one location to another. Whether you need to duplicate a single file or transfer a folder full of them, cp is the go-to tool for many Linux and macOS users. The basic syntax of the cp command is relatively straightforward - type "cp" followed by the name of the file or directory you want to copy, followed by its destination path. However, there's a common issue that can ... Read More

Introduction In today's world, the internet has become an indispensable part of our daily lives. We rely on it for everything from work to entertainment, and every website we visit is identified by its unique IP address. However, remembering these IP addresses would be difficult, if not impossible. This is where the Domain Name System (DNS) comes in. It translates these numerical IP addresses into readable domain names that are easy to remember. Explanation of DNS Cache When a computer or device connects to the internet or a network, it saves a copy of the DNS information in ... Read More

Introduction If you are a WordPress user and have ever uploaded an image or file, you may have encountered the error message "The Uploaded File Exceeds the upload_max_filesize Directive in php.ini." This error occurs when the file that is being uploaded exceeds the maximum upload size limit set by your server. This limit is set in the PHP configuration file (php.ini) and it can be a frustrating issue for website owners to deal with. The Impact on Website Functionality This error message can have several negative impacts on website functionality. When this error occurs, users cannot upload any files ... Read More