The Array class of the java.lang.reflect package provides static methods to create and access Java arrays dynamically. Array permits widening conversions to occur during a get or set operation but throws an IllegalArgumentException if a narrowing conversion would occur.This class provides the newInstance() method, getter method, and setter methods. The newInstance() method accepts an object of the class named Class representing the required component and an integer representing the length of the array, creates and returns an array with the given specifications.Example Live Demoimport java.lang.reflect.Array; import java.util.Arrays; public class Reflection_ArrayExample {    public static void main(String args[]){       Integer ... Read More

A static block is a block of code with a static keyword. In general, these are used to initialize the static members. JVM executes static blocks before the main method at the time of class loading.Example Live Demopublic class MyClass {    static{       System.out.println("Hello this is a static block");    }    public static void main(String args[]){       System.out.println("This is main method");    } }OutputHello this is a static block This is main methodInstance initialization blocksSimilar to static blocks, Java also provides instance initialization blocks which are used to initialize instance variables, as an alternative to ... Read More

You can get a part of a Java array in between two specified indexes in various ways.By Copying contents:One way to do so is to create an empty array and copy the contents of the original array from the start index to the endIndex.Example Live Demoimport java.util.Arrays; public class SlicingAnArray {    public static int[] sliceArray(int array[], int startIndex, int endIndex ){       int size = endIndex-startIndex;       int part[] = new int[size];       //Copying the contents of the array       for(int i=0; iarray[i]);       part = stream.toArray();       //Copying the contents of the array       for(int i=0; i

While creating variables first of all we will declare them, initialize them, assign/re-assign values to them.Similarly, while creating arrays −You can declare an array just like a variable −int myArray[];You can create an array just like an object using the new keyword −myArray = new int[5];You can initialize the array by assigning values to all the elements one by one using the index −myArray [0] = 101; myArray [1] = 102;Assigning values to an arrayWhen we assign primitive values of one type to a variable of other (datatype) implicitly they are converted.But, when you try to assign a higher datatype ... Read More

In Java classes and interfaces related to each other are grouped under a package. The package is nothing but a directory storing classes and interfaces of a particular concept. For example, all the classes and interfaces related to input and output operations are stored in the java.io package.There are two types of packages namely user-defined packages and built-in packages (pre-defined)The import keywordWhenever you need to use the classes from a particular package −First of all, you need to set a classpath for the JAR file holding the required package.Import the required class from the package using the import keyword. While ... Read More

A map is a collection in Java which stores key-value pairs. The keys of this must not be null and each key should point to only one value. It is represented by the Map interface of java.util package. There are various classes which provide implementation to this interface.The HashMap is a class which implements the Map interface. It is based on the Hash table. It allows null values and null keys.In short, you can store key-value pairs in the HashMap object. Once you do so you can retrieve the values of the respective keys but, the values we use for ... Read More

The array is a container that can hold a fixed number of items and these items should be of the same type. Most of the data structures make use of arrays to implement their algorithms. The following are the important terms to understand the concept of Array.Element − Each item stored in an array is called an element.Index − Each location of an element in an array has a numerical index, which is used to identify the element.The size of the array will be determined at the time of creation.Example Live Demopublic class ArrayExample {    public static void main(String args[]){ ... Read More

When superclass and the subclass contain the same instance methods including parameters, when called, the superclass method is overridden by the method of the subclass.Example Live Democlass Super{    public void sample(){       System.out.println("Method of the Super class");    } } public class MethodOverriding extends Super {    public void sample(){       System.out.println("Method of the Sub class");    }    public static void main(String args[]){       MethodOverriding obj = new MethodOverriding();       obj.sample();    } }OutputMethod of the Sub classMethod shadowingWhen superclass and subclass contain the same method including parameters and if they ... Read More

Checked exceptionsA checked exception is an exception that occurs at the compile time, these are also called as compile-time exceptions. These exceptions cannot simply be ignored at the time of compilation; the programmer should take care of (handle) these exceptions.When a checked/compile time exception occurs you can resume the program by handling it using try-catch blocks. Using these you can display your own message or display the exception message after the execution of the complete program.Example Live Demoimport java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; public class Test {    public static void main(String args[]){       System.out.println("Hello");       try{       ... Read More

You can write a single generic method declaration that can be called with arguments of different types. Based on the types of the arguments passed to the generic method, the compiler handles each method call appropriately. Following are the rules to define Generic Methods −All generic method declarations have a type parameter section delimited by angle brackets (< and >) that precedes the method's return type ( < E > in the next example).Each type parameter section contains one or more type parameters separated by commas. A type parameter, also known as a type variable, is an identifier that specifies ... Read More