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Internet Articles
Page 72 of 88
What are the FTP Operations?
When using File Transfer Protocol (FTP), the user implements some or all of the following operations −Connecting to a remote hostTo implement a file transfer, the user begins by logging into the remote host. Four commands are used.Open selects the remote host and sets up the login session.User recognizes the remote user ID.Pass authenticates the client.Site sends data to the foreign host that is used to provide services specific to that host.Navigating the directory structureAfter a client has been authenticated and logged on to the server, that client can navigate through the remote host's directory structure to locate the file ...
Read MoreExplain the functions of Presentation Layer.
The functions of the presentation layer are as follows:It provides the users with a way to execute the session service primitives. For that, it uses the contexts, each consisting of some data types and their transfer syntaxes. When a session is established, the peer entities negotiate for one or more contexts. It can change these contexts as the session progresses.Once the negotiations have been agreed upon, each machine is free to represent the data structures internally in the most convenient form. It is known that it should express that it can be transmitted and understood by the remote peer entity ...
Read MoreExplain the functions of Session Layer.
The session layer services are provided by a functional unit set, which constitutes the session layer. The session layer can be understanding as a general-purpose tool kit out of which the user selects the tools to be used.The functions provided by the session layers are as follows:Session EstablishmentThe session layer’s primary function is to provide and establish connections between communicating users, known as sessions. It can transfer the data over these sessions in a reliable and orderly way.It can settle a session between two computers for communication, file transfer, remote login, or other purposes. It can establish Connection-oriented and connectionless ...
Read MoreWhat is Session Layer in the Computer Network?
It is one of the parts of the upper layers. The Application Layer, Presentation Layer, and Session Layers form the OSI reference model's upper layers. They provide user-oriented services. The session layer provides a defined set of services to the presentation layerPresentation Layer uses session layer protocols and transport services. The session layer service’s actual user is the application layer through which the presentation layer lies between them. It has relatively few features as compared to lower layers. It controls structures and the interaction between the application programme.It synchronizes the interaction between elements and controls the direction of information flow, ...
Read MoreWhat is SCTP in the Computer Network?
SCTP stands for Stream Control Transmission Protocol. It is a new reliable, messageoriented transport layer protocol. SCTP, however, is mostly designed for Internet applications that have recently been introduced. These new applications, such as IUA (ISDN over IP), M2UA and M3UA (telephony signaling), H.248 (media gateway control), H.323 (IP telephony), and SIP (IP telephony), etc.SCTP combines the best features of UDP and TCP. SCTP is a reliable message-oriented protocol. It preserves the message boundaries, and at the same time, detects lost data, duplicate data, and out-of-order data. It also has congestion control and flows control mechanisms.Features of SCTPThere are various ...
Read MoreWhat is SLIP in the Computer Network?
SLIP stands for Serial Line Internet Protocol. SLIP is an Internet protocol that allows users to gain Internet access using a computer modem. Today, SLIP is not used as frequently as its successor, PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol), which provides enhanced error detection and automatic configuration.SLIP is commonly used on dedicated serial links and sometimes for dialup purposes and is usually used with line speeds between 1200bps and 19.2Kbps. It is useful for allowing mixes of hosts and routers to communicate with one another (host-host, host-router and router- router are all common SLIP network configurations).SLIP defines a sequence of characters that frame ...
Read MoreWhat is IGMP in the Computer Network?
IGMP stands for Internet Group Management Protocol. It is a protocol that allows several devices to share one IP address so they can all receive the same data. IGMP is a network layer protocol used to set up multicasting on networks that use the Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4). Specifically, IGMP allows devices to join a multicast group.IGMP is not a multicasting routing protocol; it is a protocol that manages group membership. In any network, there are one or more multicast routers that distribute multicast packets to hosts or other routers.The IGMP protocol gives the multicast routers information about the ...
Read MoreWhat are the Token Ring Frame Formats in Computer Network?
There are three types of frame formats that are supported on a Token Ring network such as token, abort, and frame. The token format is the mechanism by which access to the ring is passed from one computer attached to the network to another device connected to the network.Here, the token format consists of three bytes, of which the starting and ending delimiters are used to indicate the beginning and end of a token frame. The middle byte of a token frame is an access control byte.Three bits are used as a priority indicator, three bits are used as a ...
Read MoreWhat is GSM in the Computer Network?
GSM stands for Global System for Mobile communication. GSM is a mobile communication modem; it stands for global system for mobile communication (GSM). The idea of GSM was developed at Bell Laboratories in 1970.It is a widely used mobile communication system in the world. GSM is an open and digital cellular technology used for transmitting mobile voice and data services operating at the 850MHz, 900MHz, 1800MHz, and 1900MHz frequency bands.There are various cell sizes in a GSM system, such as macro, micro, pico, and umbrella cells. Each cell varies as per the implementation domain. There are five different cell sizes ...
Read MoreDifferentiate between CIFS and NFS in Computer Network.
CIFSCIFS stands for Common Internet File System. It is also known as Server Message Block. It is a network protocol whose most general use is sharing documents on a Local Area Network (LAN). The protocol allows a user to manipulate files just as if they were on the local computer.Operations such as read, write, create, delete, and rename are all supported. The only difference is that the files are not on the local computer and are actually on a remote server.NFSNFS stands for Network File System. It is a type of file system mechanism that enables data storage and retrieval ...
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