Introduction Fibre Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) is a high-speed, reliable, and secure networking technology that uses optical fibre cables to transmit data over long distances. It was developed in the 1980s as a way to provide a robust and efficient network for mission-critical applications, such as those found in government, military, and financial institutions. FDDI uses a dual-ring topology, with one ring acting as a primary path for data transmission and the other serving as a backup in case of a failure in the primary ring. This ensures that data transmission is not disrupted even in the event of ... Read More

Introduction Floppy Disk Drive (FDD) is a hardware device that is installed inside a computer and allows the user to read, write, and format floppy disks. Floppy disks were available in different sizes, but the most common size was the 3.5-inch disk that could hold up to 1.44 megabytes of data. To use a floppy disk, the user would insert it into the floppy disk drive, and the computer's operating system would automatically recognize it. The user could then save data to the disk or retrieve data from it. The data was stored on the disk in concentric circles ... Read More

Introduction Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) is a method of wireless communication that allows for simultaneous two-way communication between two devices by using two separate frequency bands, one for transmitting and one for receiving. The transmitting and receiving frequencies are typically separated by a defined frequency gap, called the duplex spacing, which allows the two signals to coexist without interfering with each other. In FDD, data can be transmitted and received simultaneously, which enables full-duplex communication, making it an ideal choice for many wireless communication applications such as cellular networks, radio communication systems, and satellite communication systems. Applications ... Read More

Introduction Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is the federal government's regulatory body in charge of ensuring the security, efficacy, and safety of food, medical devices, biological products, pharmaceuticals for humans and animals, cosmetics, and radiation-emitting products in order to safeguard and promote public health. Since the Pure Food and Drugs Act's passage in 1906, when the agency was established, it has been crucial in defending consumers against dangerous or ineffective goods. History of FDA The FDA was established in the early 1900s, at a time when public concern about the security and caliber of the food and medications ... Read More

Introduction French Connection United Kingdom (FCUK) is a British fashion logo that was founded in 1972 through Stephen Marks. The logo began with an apparel store and later elevated to a group of fragrances, add-ons, and cosmetics. The call "French Connection" comes from the initials "FCUK", which become used in the brand's advertising campaigns to stand for "French Connection United Kingdom". The brand received notoriety for its arguable marketing campaigns, which regularly used provocative slogans and imagery. Nowadays, the French Connection logo is understood for its contemporary and stylish apparel designs, specially within the areas of casual wear and ... Read More

Introduction Frame Check Sequence (FCS) is an error-detecting code that is added in a frame in the form of a bit in a communication code. Frames are the data that are sent in a network communication channel. These frames send data from source to receiver. FCS is sometimes confused with the recovery process but it is an error detection code. FCS Overview Frame check sequence is used in the “High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC)” error detection process. It is an extra bit of 2 or 4 bytes that are added to frames for checking errors. ... Read More

Introduction Fragment Cylic Reducncy Check (FCRC) is a method for checking changes and errors in the communication channel. The error messages occur in various programs that are running in the Microsoft Operating system. An error in a file can corrupt a file or folder by extension “.pst”. It can be fixed by easy programming. Definition of FCRC “Fragment Cyclic Redundancy Check” is a basic Data verification method that is run by a computer to check the accuracy of data on hard disk, CD, DVD, etc. These errors arise due to corruption in the hard drive, glitches in files, ... Read More

Introduction Fiber Channel Protocol (FCP) is a protocol is a set of instructions or rules given by a computer”. Fiber Channel(FC) is a method of carrying information over fibre optic or copper fibre at high speed and low reluctance. FCP is also known as FC i.e. “Fiber channel”. It works on SAN, DAS and NAS topology. It uses up to 128 GBPS speed for data transfer for a distance of 10 Km. Its development started in 1988 as IPI (Intelligent Peripheral Interface) and the draft was completed in 1989. Later ANSI approved FCP in 1994. Definition ... Read More

Introduction Foreign Currency Non-Resident Account (FCNR) are NRI accounts regulated by RBI and FEMA. There are three types of NRI accounts NRE accounts, NRO accounts and FCNR accounts. Any person who is an Indian by origin or a citizen of India but not living in India are Non-Resident Indian (NRI) and NRO. An NRI or PIO can open a bank account with any authorised Indian bank for saving and investment in India. It is an excellent opportunity for NRIs to open these accounts in India to get generate income and liberate themselves from currency exchange risk. Definition of ... Read More

Introduction Federal Communications Commission (FCC), a separate department of the American federal government. It was established in 1934 to control both national and international broadcasting, television cable, satellite communication, and cable communications. Except for a few prohibitions about vulgarity and defamation, its rules and regulations only apply to the technical features of communication networks, such as frequency and machinery, rather than broadcast content. FCC’s Role in Regulating Communications The United States' communications sector, including wireless communication technology like cell phones, satellite radio, and high-speed internet, is governed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). The FCC ensures that public ... Read More