Introduction to EDF Export development fund (EDF) is an autonomous body that works under sovereign authority. It was approved under different EDF laws of the state. The fund aims to enhance the international export and import of a country and increase business. In India “EDF” was set up under “Export-Import Bank of India Act 1981”. The main objective of EDF is to increase countries' competitiveness, expansion and modernization of industries at all levels. EDF through investment helps in setting up enterprises, expanding them and promoting exports. Objectives of EDF There are two main objectives of the export ... Read More

Introduction Electronic dispersion compensator (EDC), and GPON (Gigabit passive optical network) GPON uses “Fabry-Perot laser technology” for high speech networks. EDC improves transmission up to 2000 Km, with fast-adaptive compensation ability. Nowadays, we need a strong network for communication like fibre-to-home communication. There is a different network that uses different techniques to process from fibre to home communication EDC and GPON, etc. Electronic Dispersion compensator. Definition of EDC Electronic dispersion compensators (EDC) is a process to reduce the effect of dispersion in fibre-optic communication links with electronic components in the acceptor device”. It is used for chromatic dispersion compensation. ... Read More

Introduction Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) makes use of mild electrical current that generates seizure and this treatment effectively treats some of the refractory mental health illnesses, including depression, schizophrenia, and many other types. It is considered to be one of the modern methods that use anaesthesia to minimise the discomfort level faced by the diseased during the procedure. Definition Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a procedure that is performed under general anaesthesia and small electric currents are passed through the brain with the intention to trigger a brief seizure. ECT causes major changes in brain chemistry that can quickly reverse back ... Read More

Introduction Electronic Cleaning system (ECS) is a payment mode which was introduced by the Reserve Bank of India in the 1990s. The ECS is used by various organisations for making payments such as salaries, pensions, dividend interest etc. Electronic Cleaning Service is mostly used when the funds are periodic and repetitive. In other words, it is the transfer of money from one bank account to many other bank accounts or the transfer of money from multiple bank accounts to one bank account. Types of ECS ECS debit − Individual Payments of EMIs, SIPs, loans etc. Under this, a ... Read More

Introduction Efficient Consumer Response (ECR) is a business strategy for the retail industry which increases the level of services towards the consumer. Under this there is close cooperation between the retailers, wholesalers and the manufacturers to improve the efficiency of the supply chain. The companies who formulate the supply chain see a decrease in losses as three of them (retailers, wholesalers and manufacturers) don't have their separate goals. The end goal of ECR is to optimise the supply chain to its fullest. How did ECR start? It was created by an industry in the United States of America with ... Read More

Definition Extended capabilities port (ECP) is a type of parallel port for personal computers. ECPs allow bidirectional communication between a computer and peripheral devices. ECPs are also 10 times faster than the older versions. Parallel ports are divided into four types Standard parallel port (SPP) Parallel port (PS/2) Enhanced parallel port (EPP) Extended capabilities port (ECP) Parallel Ports Parallel ports are also known as Centronics Connector, Centronics Interface, or Centronics Port. The parallel port is an interface which was used earlier to connect peripheral devices to computers. They were found in the back of the computer and ... Read More

Introduction European Common Market (ECM) was established by signing the Treaty of Rome. The main vision was to create a common markbet for services, labour, and goods in Europe. The project had the ambition to create a unified economic system in Europe. The European Common Market removed all barriers to trade such as tariffs, quotas etc. After World War II, the leaders realised that there is a need for European countries to have close economic ties to prevent future conflicts. The establishment of the European Common Markets has brought prosperity to the region. The European region has seen increased ... Read More

Export Credit Insurance Export Credit and Guarantee Corporation (ECGC) is a sort of insurance that ensures exporters against the risks of non-payment or postponed payment by remote buyers for products and administrations exported. It covers commercial and political dangers such as bankruptcy, insolvency, currency fluctuations, and political instability which will affect payment from remote buyers. Export credit insurance enables exporters to grow their universal business by offering them a means to manage their risks and secure instalment for their exports. It also gives financial institutions with greater confidence to loan to exporters by relieving their credit risks. Trade credit ... Read More

Introduction Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a non-invasive signal. The time varying bio signals were measured by techniques such as invasive signal and non-invasive signal. The ECG recordings are monitored by some types of signal processing algorithms automatically. Electrodes are placed on the chest arms and legs and they measure the electrical response of the heart muscles. The other end of the electrodes is connected to the monitor by lead wires. The electrical response of the heart is then analysed, monitored and printed. Definition The first electrocardiogram was first developed by the Dutch Physiologist Willem Einthoven in 1903. Human heart is ... Read More

Introduction Electronics and communications engineering (ECE) refers to design, development, and use of electronic devices, circuits, and communication systems are the focus of the specialised engineering field. ECE is essential to contemporary civilization since it laid the groundwork for numerous technical innovations that have changed the way we live. Definition The abbreviation ECE refers to a subfield of engineering that focuses on the analysis of electronic equipment and communication systems. Designing, creating, and maintaining the electrical equipment and communication systems that are necessary in today's society is the fundamental goal of ECE. ECE engineers are in charge of developing ... Read More