The tree is a data structure that is comprised of nodes and edges. These entities are interconnected to each other to form a tree structure. Traversing a data structure means visiting each and every node in that structure and bringing out a sequence of values from that. There are three types of traversals namely, in-order (L→ Root→R ), pre-order(Root→L→R) and, post-order(L→ R → Root) In-order Traversal In the In-order Traversal, the left subtree is visited first, followed by the Root node and finally the right subtree. A binary tree will provide sorted key values in ascending order if it is ... Read More

A tree is a non-linear hierarchical data structure and it is a combination of both nodes and edges. Nodes in the tree store the values and these nodes are connected to each other with Edges. The topmost node of the tree doesn’t have any Parent node and is called a Root node. The below Binary search tree is labeled with important terms. Fundamental Terms Node − Has a pointer to another node and the ability to store a value of any data type. Root − This node is at the very top of the tree and is ... Read More

In a Binary Search Tree, if we look at the property that the left child is always smaller than the parent, we will find that if we keep iterating towards the left child till we reach a node with no left child, we'll basically find the smallest element in the BST.Let us implement this function in our code. From now onwards we'll implement only single versions of the function, i.e., either iterative or recursive. In this case, we'll create an iterative function −ExamplegetMinVal() {    if (this.root === null) {       throw "Empty tree!";    }    let ... Read More

We're going to use the property of a BST to look up elements in it. Let us look at first an iterative implementation of search − ExamplesearchIter(data) {    let currNode = this.root;    while (currNode !== null) {       if (currNode.data === data) {          // Found the element!          return true;       } else if (data < currNode.data) {          // Go Left as data is smaller than parent          currNode = currNode.left;       } else {         ... Read More

The first insertion in a newly created binary tree creates a node at the root. Further insertions will be inserted according to the binary search tree property of left children being smaller than parent and right ones being greater than parents.Let us look at how we can implement this algorithm in code −ExampleinsertIter(data) {    let node = new this.Node(data);    // Check if the tree is empty    if (this.root === null) {       // Insert as the first element       this.root = node; return;    }    let currNode = this.root;   ... Read More

Let us understand how we're going to create and represent a binary search tree in Javascript. We'll first need to create the class BinarySearchTree and define a property Node on it. Exampleclass BinarySearchTree {    constructor() {       // Initialize a root element to null.       this.root = null;    } } BinarySearchTree.prototype.Node = class {    constructor(data, left = null, right = null) {       this.data = data;       this.left = left;       this.right = right;    } };We've simply created a class representation of our BST class. We'll fill this class in as we proceed to learn functions that we'll add to this structure.

Each element in a tree is a node. We need to define a node before we proceed to define a binary tree as a tree consists of nodes. We'll create a very simple node definition that has 3 properties, namely: left, right and data.left − This holds the reference to the left child of this node.right − This holds the reference to the right child of this node.data − This holds the reference to the data we want to store in this node.Let us see the code representation of such a structure.Examleclass Node {    constructor(data, left = null, right ... Read More

A Binary Search tree exhibits a special behavior. A node's left child must have a value less than its parent's value and the node's right child must have a value greater than its parent value.We'll mostly focus on such trees in this section on trees.Operations on Binary Search TreesWe'll define the following operations on the Binary Search Tree −Inserting a key into a treeIn-order traversal in a treePre-order traversal in a treePost-order traversal in a treeSearching for values in a treeSearching for minimum value in a treeSearching for maximum value in a treeRemoving a leaf node in a treeRead More

Binary Tree is a special data structure used for data storage purposes. A binary tree has a special condition that each node can have a maximum of two children. A binary tree has the benefits of both an ordered array and a linked list as search is as quick as in a sorted array and insertion or deletion operation are as fast as in the linked list.Here is an illustration of a binary tree with some terms that we've discussed below −Important TermsFollowing are the important terms with respect to the tree.Path − Path refers to the sequence of nodes ... Read More

The tree represents hierarchical structures like organization hierarchy charts, file systems, etc. To put it more formally, a tree can be defined recursively (locally) as a collection of nodes (starting at a root node), where each node is a data structure consisting of a value, together with a list of references to nodes (the "children"), with the constraints that no reference is duplicated (i.e., each child has exactly one parent).