In data processing, addition of operands is one of the most basic operations performed by different electronic devices like computers, calculators, etc. The electronic circuit that is designed to perform the addition of two or more numbers, more specifically binary numbers, is known as adder. As we know, the logic circuits use binary number system to perform the operations, hence the adder is also referred to as a binary adder. Depending on the number of binary digits that the adder circuit can add, adders (or binary adders) are of two types: Half Adder Full Adder In this article, ... Read More

In this tutorial, we will discuss the realization of an inverter (NOT gate) with a transistor. But before that let's have a look into the basics of inverter or NOT gate. What is an Inverter (NOT Gate)? An inverter is a single input and single output logic gate that toggles or inverts the logic level (or state) of a single to the opposite state or logic level. The inverter is also known as NOT gate. When a low signal (logic 0) is applied to an inverter, it transforms it to a high signal (logic 1). If a high signal (logic ... Read More

In digital electronics, a subtractor is a combinational logic circuit that performs the subtraction of two binary numbers. However, the subtraction of binary number can be performed using adder circuits by taking 1s or 2s compliments. But, we may also realize a dedicate circuit to perform the subtraction of two binary numbers. In the subtraction of two binary numbers, each subtrahend bit of the number is subtracted from its corresponding significant minuend bit to form a difference bit. During the subtraction, if the minuend bit is smaller than the subtrahend bit, then a 1 is borrowed from the next position. ... Read More

In digital electronics, a logic or logic function is one that follows the rules that governs a logical statement. Logics are implemented by using switching networks, where a switching network is one that is designed by interconnecting a finite number of switches. Example − Let "𝒚" is a logic function, then it may be expressed as, $$\mathrm{Y = f\left ( x_{i} \right ) }$$ Where, xi represents the inputs to the logic network or switching network, and y is the output of the network. There is another term associated with the logic function that is the truth table. The truth ... Read More

A logic gate is a digital electronic circuit that is used to implement different kinds of logical and comparison operations. We have several types of logic gates such as OR Gate, AND Gate, NOT Gate, NAND Gate, NOR Gate, etc. In this article, we will discuss the realization of OR Logic Gate using diode resistor logic, i.e. DL OR Gate. But before going into the realization of DL OR gate, let us discuss the basic of OR Gate. What is OR Gate? OR Gate is a logic circuit which may have two or more binary inputs and gives an output ... Read More

What is Karnaugh Map? In realization of digital electronic systems, the simplification of Boolean expressions is one of the most crucial steps because it reduces the hardware complexity and cost of production. There are several tools and methods available for simplifying complex Boolean expression. K-Map or Karnaugh Map is one of such simplification methods. K-Map was developed by Maurice Karnaugh in the year of 1953. It is a visual or graphical method used to simplify the Boolean expressions. K-Map is one of the most efficient simplification tools when the number of variables in the Boolean expression are less than or ... Read More

Before getting into implementing a NOT gate using NAND gate, let’s have a basic overview of NOT gates and NAND gates. What is NOT Gate? NOT gate is a basic logic gate used in digital electronic circuits. The NOT gate has a single input and a single output. The output of the NOT gate is the logical inversion of its input. For this reason, the NOT gate is also known as inverter. The symbol of the standard NOT gate has a triangle pointing to the right with a circle at its right end as shown in figure-1. This circle ... Read More

In digital electronics, a subtractor is a combinational logic circuit that performs the subtraction of two binary numbers. However, the subtraction of binary number can be performed using adder circuits by taking 1’s or 2’s compliments. But, we may also realize a dedicate circuit to perform the subtraction of two binary numbers. In the subtraction of two binary numbers, each subtrahend bit of the number is subtracted from its corresponding significant minuend bit to form a difference bit. During the subtraction, if the minuend bit is smaller than the subtrahend bit, then a 1 is borrowed from the next position. ... Read More

In digital electronics, a subtractor is a combinational logic circuit that can perform the subtraction of two number (binary numbers) and produce the difference between them. It is a combinational circuit that means its output depends on its present inputs only. Although, in practice, the subtraction of two binary number is accomplished by taking the 1's or 2's compliment of the subtrahend and adding it to the minuend. In this way, the subtraction operation of binary numbers can be converted into simple addition operation which makes hardware construction simple and less expensive. There are two types of subtractors namely, Half ... Read More

In digital electronics, there are different types of logic circuits used to perform different kinds of arithmetic operations. One of them is adder. Adder (or Binary Adder) is a combinational logic circuit that performs the addition of two or more binary numbers and gives an output sum. There are two types of adders present namely, half adder and full adder. Since, adder are logic circuits, thus they are implemented using different types of digital logic gates such as OR gate, AND gate, NOT gate, NAND gates, etc. In this article, we will discuss the Half Adder Realization using NAND Gates. ... Read More