Refrigerator and Air Conditioner (AC) are both electrical appliances that are used to reduce the temperature of a closed space by transferring the heat of the closed space to another place. Both AC and refrigerator work on the principle of heat-sinks, i.e., these devices transfer the heat from a source (or closed space) to another place called sink.Read through this article to find out how Air Conditioners are different from Refrigerators.What is an Air Conditioner?An Air Conditioner is an electrically operated cooling device which is generally used to cool a large closed space such as a room or a hall. ... Read More

Market Targeting − DefinitionA corporation cannot focus on all market segments at the same time. Only a few segments can be satisfied by the company.The act of picking the target audience from the total market is known as market targeting. The target market is made up of a group or groups of purchasers who the company intends to serve or for whom the product is developed, with a price established, promotion efforts performed, and a distribution system in place.For example, consider a sandwich shop in a suburban town that is near to a petrol station. Because of its proximity to ... Read More

A transistor (or bipolar junction transistor) is a three-terminal, three-layer and two-junction semiconductor device, used as the digital switch and amplifier in the electronic circuits.A transistor consists of three layers of P-type and N-type semiconductor materials and the name of these layers are emitter, base and collector. The three terminals are taken out from these three layers.Based on the arrangement of the semiconductor layers, the transistors are of two types as −NPN TransistorPNP TransistorRead through this article to find out more about NPN transistor (BJT) and PNP transistor and the key differences between them.What is NPN Transistor?An NPN transistor is ... Read More

The directed flow of electrons or charge in an electric circuit is known as electric current. Based on the nature of flow of electrons (or electric current), the electric current is classified into two types: AC (Alternating Current) and DC (Direct Current). Go through this article to find out more about AC and DC and how they are different from each other.What is Alternating Current?AC stands for Alternating Current. The type of electric current whose magnitude changes continuously and direction changes periodically is known as alternating current or AC. In practice, the alternating current is produced by alternating voltage source ... Read More

Multimeters and voltage testers are both testing and measuring devices that are used to measure a wide range of electrical quantities. Go through this article to get a basic understanding of how multimeters and voltage testers work and how exactly they are different from each other.What is a Multimeter?A multimeter is a standard measuring instrument that is used for measuring multiple electrical quantities in an electric circuit. With a typical multimeter, one can measure AC voltage and current, DC voltage and current, resistance, continuity, and other values.Basically, a multimeter is a combination of a DC voltmeter, AC voltmeter, DC ammeter, ... Read More

Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) and Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) are two types of transistors that are the basic building blocks of modern electronic circuits. Both IGBT and MOSFET are voltage-controlled devices. However, they are different in various aspects. Go through this article to get a basic overview of how these two transistors operate and how they are different from each other.What is IGBT?IGBT stands for Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor. IGBT is a three terminal semiconductor device which is used in various electronic circuits for switching and amplification of signals. The three terminals of the IGBT are: ... Read More

Both diodes and transistors are types of semiconductor devices that find a wide range of applications in different electronic circuits such as clippers, clampers, oscillators, rectifiers and amplifiers, etc. Go through this article to get an overview of how diodes and transistors function and how they are different from each other.What is a Diode?A diode is a semiconductor switching device which is constructed by combining two layers of N-type and P-type semiconductor materials. For this reason, a diode is also called as PN junction diode. The circuit symbol of the diode is shown in Figure-1.A diode has only one PN-junction ... Read More

There is a category of transistors called Field Effect Transistor (FET). In this category, a lot of field effect transistors are there like Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET), Metal Oxide Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET), Metal Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MSFET), etc. In this article, we will compare and contrast the various features of JFET and MOSFET.What is JFET?JFET stands for junction field effect transistor. The JFET is a three terminal semiconductor device and the terminals are: Source (S), Drain (D) and Gate (G). JFET has a channel between source and drain. The channel is the path between the source and ... Read More

A transformer is a static electric machine which changes the level of voltage and current in the circuit without changing the power and supply frequency. The electrical transformer works on the principle of mutual inductance.Based upon the number of windings used in the transformer, they can be grouped into two different categories −Two-winding transformer (or typical transformer or conventional transformer)AutotransformerRead through this article is to find out the major differences between two-winding transformer and autotransformer.What is a Two-Winding Transformer?A two-winding transformer or conventional transformer is one which consists of two magnetically coupled windings (primary and secondary) which are electrically insulated ... Read More

Multimeter and Voltmeter are handheld measuring devices. Voltmeters are used when one needs to measure only voltage. Multimeters, in contrast, can be used to measure multiple electrical quantities such as current, voltage, resistance, etc.Go through this article to find out the features of multimeters and voltmeters and how they differ from each other.What is a Multimeter?Multimeter, as the name implies, is a combination of different measuring instruments in a single unit. It can measure several electrical quantities such as current, voltage, resistance, etc. An extended version of multimeter can also measure other electrical properties like transistors gain, diode forward voltage, ... Read More