Introduction The Bohr atomic model was proposed in 1913 by a Danish physicist named Neil Bohr. He improved on Rutherford's model of an atom. Rutherford explained that in an atom, the nucleus is positively charged and surrounded by electrons (negatively charged particles). Bohr amended Rutherford's concept stating that electrons travel around in fixed orbital shells. He also stated that each orbital shell has a set of energy levels. As a result, Rutherford essentially defined an atom's nucleus, whereas Bohr advanced the model. He talked about electrons and the many energy levels that they have. Postulates of Bohrs Atomic Model ... Read More

Introduction The elements of Group 13 (III A) are boron (B), aluminium (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), and thallium (Th) (Tl). Due to the existence of three valence electrons, these elements are also known as earth metals and triels. The outer shell electronic configuration of Boron can be written as $\mathrm{1s^2\:2s^2\:2p^1}$. In the following sections we would discuss the occurrence, physical and chemical properties of Boron. Occurrence and Extraction of Boron Boron is a relatively uncommon element that makes up roughly 9 parts per million (ppm) of the earth's crust. Davy initially isolated the element in 1807 by fusing boric ... Read More

Introduction A degree in chemical engineering helps in giving the theoretical and practical knowledge that is needed to get registered as a professional chemical engineer. The course may specifically centre on the modelling of chemical processes and mechanics of fluid. A Chemical engineering course is extremely feasible for the candidates who are willing to join the chemical industry, manufacture products and trace research in the future. The training of chemical engineers becomes crucial in certain areas when procedures include physical or chemical matter. Chemical engineers do their job to develop the quality of life of the people. Chemical engineering qualifies ... Read More

Introduction In order to understand the chemical reactions, it is required to understand the definition of chemical and physical change. There lies a vast difference between chemical and physical changes. In chemical change, the molecular composition drastically changes and leads to the formation of a completely new element. It is to be noted that chemical change is irreversible in nature and is permanent. On the other hand, physical change is characterized by significant alterations that are noticed within the arrangement of molecules' 'that result in a change in the state. What is a Chemical reaction? Chemical reaction is a kind ... Read More

Introduction Chemical fractions can be seen everywhere in the daily lives of the environment. It is taking place constantly around the human world starting from the flaky brown later on the surface of an iron to the burning caused by bright light crackers used in festivals. The reactions happening on daily basis can be categorized based on their functions in daily lives. What are chemical reactions in daily life? Chemical reactions in daily lives are the chemical phenomenon that takes place when two or more molecules interact with each other for the formation of new products in real-time. It is ... Read More

Introduction Chemical equations are the general term used in daily chemistry. The chemical equations in chemistry were primarily formulated by Jean Beguin, a French chemist in the year 1615. It is basically displayed theoretically utilising numbers, arrows and other symbols of components of the methods that happen during the reaction in chemistry. Reactants in a chemical equation are joined to form the chemical products. The balanced equations are extremely crucial and occur when the atoms or components' numbers on the side of the reactant are equal to the element's atomic number on the side of the product. What are chemical ... Read More

Introduction The compound barium bromide is constituted by a metal and a non-metal element. Therefore, it is an ionic compound. The technique of fractional crystallization developed by Marie Curie in the 19th century to purify Radium employs barium bromide. Barium bromide is used in photography as a precursor of other important chemicals. Just like other halogen compounds, barium bromide has significant uses in inorganic chemistry. It is a chemical that is primarily used in laboratories and industries. Barium bromide is stored in glass bottles to prevent hydration. This is because barium bromide is a salt and can easily absorb water ... Read More

Introduction The energy that is released in various forms during the chemical reaction is called chemical energy. This energy is mainly released in the form of heat and includes thermal, mechanical, and kinetic energies. Chemical energy is also considered as the form of potential energy. This energy is often stored in the bonds of chemical compounds like atoms and molecules. The energy in atoms or molecules is then released in a chemical reaction and produces cheat as by-products that is determined as exothermic reaction. Examples of stored chemical energy are petroleum, natural gases, biomass, coal, and batteries. The chemical energy ... Read More

Introduction In chemistry, carbon is considered a very surprising and different element. The symbol of this element is C and the atomic number is 6. This element is known as a non-metallic tetravalent element. This element has a valence of 4 that makes the element enable to enter into covalent bonding with the other properties, based on these attributes of carbon, the present tutorial will discuss the properties of carbon and its chemical properties of it as well. Carbon Properties: Definition Images Coming soon Figure 1: Carbon atom In chemistry, it has been believed that the element carbon has an ... Read More

Introduction Chemical properties of amines, basicity, and acylation of amines are considered for studying about amine compounds. Focusing on the certain compounds found in the organic chemistry, the present tutorial includes the definition of chemical properties of amine. The compound has single pair of electron and nitrogen atom attached with is called amine. This compound is considered the derivatives of ammonia, containing more than one hydrogen atoms. The alkyl or aryl group can replace these particular hydrogen atoms often. Based on these concepts, this tutorial discusses the chemical reactions are observed with amines. Basicity of Amines On a general ... Read More