Python’s standard library contains built-in function set() which converts an iterable to set. A set object doesn’t contain repeated items. So, if a string contains any character more than once, that character appears only once in the set object. Again, the characters may not appear in the same sequence as in the string as set() function has its own hashing mechanism>>> set("hello") {'l', 'h', 'o', 'e'}

Most commonly used str() function from Python library returns a string representation of object.>>> no=100 >>> str(no) '100' >>> L1=[1,2,3,4] >>> str(L1) '[1, 2, 3, 4]' >>> d={'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4} >>> str(d) "{'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4}"However, repr() returns a default and unambiguous representation of the object, where as str() gives an informal representation that may be readable but may not be always unambiguous.>>> str(d) "{'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4}" >>> repr(d) "{'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4}" >>> repr(L1) '[1, 2, 3, 4]' >>> repr(no) '100'

Complex number is made up of real and imaginary parts. Real part is a float number, and imaginary part is any float number multiplied by square root of -1 which is defined as j.>>> no=5+6j >>> no.real 5.0 >>> no.imag 6.0 >>> type(no) The resulting object is of complex data type. Python library also has complex() function, which forms object from two float arguments>>> no=complex(5,6) >>> no (5+6j) >>> no.real 5.0 >>> no.imag 6.0 >>> type(no)

By using the eval() function in python we can evaluate a string and return a python object. The eval() is a python built−In function that evaluates a string argument by parsing the string as a code expression. Syntax eval(expression[, globals[, locals]]) Parameters expression: It’s a string that will be evaluated as a Python expression. globals: An optional parameter, which is a dictionary containing global parameters. locals: An optional parameter, which is a dictionary containing local parameters. Return: Returns the result evaluated from the expression. If the string containing arithmetic expression If we pass a string ... Read More

We can convert a python string into tuple by simply mentioning a comma (, ) after the string. This will treat the string as a single element to the tuple. Here our string variable “s” is treated as one item in the tuple, which can be done by adding the comma after the string. Example s = "python" print("Input string :", s) t = s, print('Output tuple:', t) print(type(t)) Output Following is the output of the above program Input string : python Output tuple: ('python', ) Using tuple() function Also we can use the tuple() function ... Read More

The double star/asterisk (*) operator has more than one meaning in Python. We can use it as a exponential operator, used as function *kwargs, unpacking the iterables, and used to Merge the Dictionaries. Exponential operator For numeric data the double asterisk (**) is used as an exponential operator. Let's take an example and see how the double star operator works on numeric operands. Example The following example uses double asterisks/star (**) to calculate “a to the power b” and it works equivalent to the pow() function. a = 10 b = 2 result = a ** b print("a**b = ", ... Read More

In Python, a list is an ordered sequence that can hold several object types such as integer, character, or float. In other programming languages, a list is equivalent to an array. In this article, we will show you how to get the size/length of a list in different ways using Python. Here we see 4 methods − Using len() function Using For Loop (Naïve Method) Using length_hint() function Using __len__() function Assume we have taken a list containing some elements. We will return the length/size of the given input list using different methods as specified above. Method 1: ... Read More

The asterisk (*) operator in Python has more than one meaning attached to it. We can use it as a Multiplication operator, Repetition operator, used for Unpacking the iterables, and Used as function *args. Single asterisk as used in function declaration allows variable number of arguments passed from calling environment. Inside the function it behaves as a tuple. As the multiplication operator Generally, the start (*) operator is used for multiplication purposes. For numeric data the asterisk (*) is used as a multiplication operator. Let’s take an example and see how the star operator works on numeric operands. Example a ... Read More

By using the dict() method in python we can create a python dictionary with the list comprehension. The syntax of dict() method is given below. Following is the syntax for this dict(**kwarg) Keyword arguments. We can pass one or more keyword arguments. If no keyword argument is passed then the dict() method will create an empty dictionary object. The syntax for creating a dictionary with list comprehension: dict(list_comprehension) Creating dictionary using list comprehension Instead of sending a number of keywords here we need to send a list of tuples with key value pairs to the dict() method. Let’s ... Read More

While creating a function the single asterisk (*) defined to accept and allow users to pass any number of positional arguments. And in the same way the double asterisk (**) defined to accept any number of keyword arguments. The single asterisk (*) can be used when we are not sure how many arguments are going to be passed to a function and those arguments that are not keywords. The double asterisk (**kwargs) can be used to pass keywords, when we don't know how many keyword arguments will be passed to a function, which will be in a dict named ... Read More