What is a Look Aside Buffer? A Look-aside Buffer (LAB) is a type of cache memory that is used in computer systems to store frequently accessed data. The LAB is located between the CPU and the main memory, and it acts as a high-speed buffer to improve system performance. The LAB works by caching a portion of the data from the main memory that is frequently accessed by the CPU. When the CPU requests data from the main memory, the LAB first checks if the data is present in the buffer. If the data is found in the LAB, it ... Read More

The Longest Remaining Time First (LRTF) scheduling algorithm is a variant of the Longest Job First (LJF) algorithm and is used by the operating system to schedule incoming processes. In LRTF, the process with the highest remaining execution time is given the highest priority and scheduled to be executed first. Algorithm Create a structure of process containing all necessary fields like AT (Arrival Time), BT(Burst Time), CT(Completion Time), TAT(Turn Around Time), and WT(Waiting Time). Sort the processes according to their Arrival Time (AT). Find the process with the largest Burst Time (BT) and execute it for one unit of ... Read More

What is Spatial Computing? Spatial computing is a technological field that combines components of physical world and computer science to create a user interface which is more immersive and interactive. Spatial computing involves the tools and processes to record and process the three-dimensional data. The major elements of spatial computing include the advanced technology tools like virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MR), IoT, artificial intelligence (AI), physical controls, etc. All these components combine the digital systems and physical world together. Fundamentally, spatial computing uses technology that understand and interact with the world in spatial terms. Spatial computing ... Read More

What is the Blue Screen of Death? Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) is an error screen which displayed due to driver error or hardware failure in a Windows OS based computer system. It is called BSOD because it is one of the critical system errors at the Windows Kernel level. Hence, the system cannot be recovered from it. The following picture depicts a Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) with a stop error code “CRITICAL_PROCESS_DIED”. Whenever the Blue Screen of Death error occurs, the system stops working and a blue screen is displayed with an error message. The error message ... Read More

In computer organization, a computer instruction is a set of commands that tells the computer hardware to perform a specific operation. Therefore, computer instructions are the primary building blocks of a computer program and hence a software, because computer instructions are entirely responsible for execution of the program or software. In this article, we will learn the basic computer instructions in computer organization. The format in which the computer instructions are to be written is defined by the instruction set architecture (ISA) of the computer. The instruction set architecture defines the set of instructions that are supported by the processor ... Read More

In order to understand what a path name signifies, we need to delve deep into the basic working of a file directory. The path name in a file directory indicates where a file or directory resides in the directory tree. It is made up of a variety of directories, every single one which can be distinguished by a delimiter, usually an upward slash (/) in Unix-based systems or a backslash () in systems running on Windows. The path names start at the root directory, represented by a forward slash (/) in Unix-based systems or by a drive letter (like C:) ... Read More

A typical algorithmic strategy is partitioning, which involves breaking a big issue into smaller subproblems that may be solved individually and then combining their solutions to solve the original problem. The fundamental concept underlying partitioning is to separate the input into subsets, solve each subset independently, and then combine the results to get the whole answer. From sorting algorithms to parallel computing, partitioning has a wide range of uses. The quicksort algorithm is a well-known illustration of partitioning. The effective sorting algorithm QuickSort uses partitioning to arrange an array of items. The algorithm divides the array into two subarrays: one ... Read More

Operating systems must have memory management, which is responsible for allocating and controlling memory resources to active processes. Memory in a computer system is split up into several partitions, each of which is dedicated to a different process. Partition allocation is the name of this procedure. Several partition allocation techniques can be applied while managing memory. We shall examine the various partition allocation techniques in this post, as well as their benefits and drawbacks. Partition Allocation Methods Fixed and dynamic partition allocation techniques are the two primary categories of partition allocation methods used in memory management. The fixed partition allocation ... Read More

A free and open-source operating system called Parrot Operating System was created with security, privacy, and development in mind. It is based on Debian GNU/Linux and includes pre-installed tools for privacy protection, cryptography, computer forensics, and penetration testing. For various use cases, Parrot OS provides many versions including Home, Security, IoT, and Cloud. Moreover, it offers a virtual machine manager for managing virtualization platforms and a sandbox environment for testing programs. AnonSurf, a special utility available only in Parrot OS, enables users to anonymize their internet activity and conceal their identity. Moreover, the operating system is compatible with a ... Read More

In hardware description languages like VHDL, a "parent" concurrent statement is used to establish a hierarchical design structure. It enables the creation and management of several processes within of a single organization. An illustration of a parent concurrent statement is as follows − entity my_entity is port ( clk: in std_logic; reset: in std_logic; data_in: in std_logic_vector(7 downto 0); data_out: out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) ); end entity; architecture behavioral of my_entity is begin -- Parent Concurrent Statement parent_process: process(clk, reset) begin if reset = '1' then -- Reset condition data_out