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Found 4219 Articles for MySQLi
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Key is synonymous to an index. If you want to create an index for a column, then use ‘Key’. As stated in the official docs: KEY is normally a synonym for INDEX. The key attribute PRIMARY KEY can also be specified as just KEY when given in a column definition. This was implemented for compatibility with other database systems. The key can be used with Primary Key: Let us first create a table. Here is the query to set primary key for a column “id”. mysql> create table KeyDemo -> ( ... Read More
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We can convert MySQL date and time to Unix Timestamp with the help of function UNIX_TIMESTAMP(). The following is the query. mysql> SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP(STR_TO_DATE('Oct 19 2018 10:00PM', '%M %d %Y %h:%i%p')); After running the above query we will not get the output in date format as shown in the below output. The output shown here is a Unix Timestamp. +------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | UNIX_TIMESTAMP(STR_TO_DATE('Oct 19 2018 10:00PM', '%M %d %Y %h:%i%p')) | +------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | ... Read More
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We can remove the leading and trailing whitespaces from MySQL with the help of trim() function.The following is the syntax.mysql> SELECT TRIM(' AnyStringWithWhitespaces ');Let us now implement the above syntax in the below query.mysql> SELECT TRIM(' Leading And Trailing whitespaces Demo '); Here is the output that removes the whitespaces.+---------------------------------------+ | TRIM(' Leading And Trailing whitespaces Demo ') | +---------------------------------------+ | Leading And Trailing whitespaces Demo | +---------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)Let us now see another way to remove the leading and trailing whitespaces.Firstly, let us create a new table.mysql> create table TrimDemo2 -> ( -> name varchar(200) ... Read More
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We can use DISTINCT and COUNT together in a single MySQL query. Firstly, let us create a table. The CREATE command is used to create a table. mysql> create table DistCountDemo - > ( - > id int, - > name varchar(100), - > age int - > ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.48 sec) Records are inserted with the help of INSERT command. mysql> insert into DistCountDemo values(1, 'John', 23); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.11 sec) mysql> insert ... Read More
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Unique in MySQL means we cannot add duplicate records. Let us now see how to create a unique constraint in the column at the time of creating a table.mysql> create table UniqueConstDemo - > ( - > name varchar(100) unique - > ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.72 sec)Now, we cannot have same value more than once for column ‘name’.Inserting some records with duplicate values to check the error.mysql> insert into UniqueConstDemo values('John'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.19 sec) mysql> insert into UniqueConstDemo values('John');On running the above query, the following error is visible.mysql> insert into UniqueConstDemo values('John'); ... Read More
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To add not null constraint to an existing column in MySQL, we will use the ALTER command. This is a type of validation to restrict the user from entering null values. Let us see an example. Firstly, we will create a table. The CREATE command is used to create a table. mysql> create table AddNotNUlldemo - > ( - > name varchar(100) - > ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.44 sec) To insert records. mysql> insert into AddNotNUlldemo values('John'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.19 sec) ... Read More
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To list running queries, we need to use the ‘show processlist’ command. The following is the query. mysql> SHOW processlist; The following is the output of the above query. +----+-----------------+-----------------+----------+---------+-------+------------------------+------------------+ | Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info ... Read More
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To insert current date/ time in MySQL, use the now() function. Let us now see an example.At first, we will create a table. The CREATE command is used to create a table.mysql > create table CurrentDateTime -> ( -> CurrentTime datetime -> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.14 sec)Syntax to insert the current date/time with the help of insert command and now()mysql> insert into CurrentDateTime values(now()); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.11 sec)To check that the current date/ time is inserted in the table or not, use the select command.mysql> select *from CurrentDateTime; The following is the output that ... Read More
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Let us see an example to get the count of each distinct value in a column. Firstly, we will create a table. The CREATE command is used to create a table. mysql> create table DistinctDemo1 - > ( - > id int, - > name varchar(100) - > ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.43 sec) Inserting records mysql> insert into DistinctDemo1 values(1, 'John'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.34 sec) mysql> insert into DistinctDemo1 values(2, 'John'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.20 sec) ... Read More
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To return Sum as ‘0’ if no values are found, use IFNULL or COALESCE commands. The following is the syntax for IFNULL. SELECT IFNULL(SUM(NULL), 0) AS aliasName; Let us now implement the above syntax in the following query. mysql> SELECT IFNULL(SUM(NULL), 0) AS SUMOFTWO; The following is the output of the above query, which returns 0. +----------+ | SUMOFTWO | +----------+ | 0 | +----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) Here is the syntax for COALESCE. mysql> SELECT COALESCE(SUM(NULL),0) as SUMOFTWO; The following is the output that returns 0 using the SUM() function. +----------+ | SUMOFTWO | +----------+ | 0 | +----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)