Because of its rising economic importance and the ever-increasing number of users, capacity in cellular systems has emerged as a primary concern for the people who design these systems. There is a maximum number of users that may be accommodated by any given cellular system before either the quality or performance of that particular cellular system is negatively impacted.As the number of users increases, so does the amount of traffic that occurs in a given period of time. As a consequence, the system progressively becomes more and more congested. As a result, the channel's capacity will continue to diminish, and ... Read More

The different types of sensors used in our smartphone are as follows −Monitor sensorEnvironmental sensorPositional sensorAmbient lightProximity sensorGravity sensorGyroscopeLet us discuss each sensor in detail.Motion SensorIt helps us to monitor the motion or movement of a smartphone. It measure the acceleration and gravitational forces on all the axis of the deviceFor example: Accelerometer, GyroscopesThe abilities of Motion sensor that allows us to accomplish are given below −The Motion sensors can be used for determining all the movements of the phone, like tilt, shake, rotation, or swing.Along with positional sensors, it can be used to accomplish the position of a phone ... Read More

The Long Term evolution is one of the standards for high speed wireless communication for mobile devices and data terminals based on the GSM and HSPA technologies. It helps in increasing the capacity and speed by using a different radio interface with core network improvement.LTE is an upgrade path for carriers with both GSM/UMTS networks and CDMA 2000 networks. The LTE frequencies and bands used in different countries mean that only multi band phones are able to use LTE in all countries where it is supported.There are two types of LTE which are as follows −LTE-TDDLTE-FDDLong-Term Evolution time-division duplex also ... Read More

The full form of USB is "Universal Serial Bus”. It is a plug and play interface. USB is the most popular connection that is used to transfer data between the computer system and other devices like keyboard, mouse, printers, scanners, and joystick, etc.It is used for input/output device data transfer and allows input hardware like mouse keyboard to input for computers, it is very handy and drivers are inbuilt to support mostly all the general devices.USB is the foremost common sort of computer harbour utilized in today's computers. It can be utilized to associate consoles, mice, diversion controllers, printers, scanners, ... Read More

General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is the packet and data transfer service on the 2G and 3G wireless networks used for the global communications in the mobile systems. GPS allows the continuous connections of the Internet to mobile phones and handheld devices. It is based on the GSM services which used existing services such as the SMS and circuit-switched phone networks and connections.FeaturesThe features of GPRS are as follows −Data rates of 56 kbps to a maximum of 114 kbpsSMS message servicesInternet access with always-on featuresMMS messagingUse of instant messaging on handheld devicesPoint to point / multipoint servicesThe architecture of ... Read More

A service is a set of primitives or we call it as operations where a user can invoke to access the service.The selective primitives tell the service to perform an action taken by peer nodes.The initiating node wants to establish a connection send CONNECT.Request − A node wants to do some work or a packet is being sent.The receiver accepts the request and CONNECT.Indication − A node is saying that it wants to set up a connection to it.The CONNECT. The node issuing the initial CONNECT. request finds out what happened via a CONNECT. Confirm primitive.Response is primitive to tell ... Read More

Let us understand the concepts of Thunderbolt and USB-C before learning the differences between them.USB-CIt is an industry-standard connector for transmitting the two information and force on a solitary link. It includes another, littler connector shape that is reversible so it's simpler to connect. USB-C links can convey essentially more force, so they can be utilized to charge bigger gadgets like PCs.Most electronic gadgets, for example, PCs and other PC gear will incorporate at any rate one standard USB Type-A port, so any reasonable person would agree that USB connectors have been around for quite a while. Littler gadgets like ... Read More

Mobile security, or cell phone security, has turned out to be progressively imperative in portable computing. Of specific concern is the security of individual and business data now put away on cell phones.ThreatsA cell phone client is presented to different dangers when they utilize their phone. The dangers can disturb the operation of the cell phone, and transmit or change client data. So applications must ensure security and honesty of the data they handle.In expansion, since some applications could themselves be malware, their usefulness and exercises ought to be constrained.For instance, limiting the application from getting to area data by ... Read More

In this article, we will see how to find the number of repeated values in a Kotlin list.Example – Finding Repeated Values Using groupingBy()The Kotlin library provides an inline function called groupingBy() which creates a grouping source from an array to be used later with one of the group-and-fold operations using the specified keySelector function to extract a key from each element.The function declaration of groupingBy() looks like this −inline fun Array.groupingBy(    crossinline keySelector: (T) -> K ): GroupingIn this example, we will create a list of values and implement groupingBy() in the list.fun main(args: Array) {   ... Read More

A Mutable List is an interface and generic collection of elements. Once a collection is declared as mutable, it becomes dynamic and we can modify its data as per requirement. A mutable list grows automatically in size as we insert new elements into it. The Mutable List inherits form the Generic class.Example – Creating a Mutable List in KotlinIn order to create a mutable list of repeating elements, we will be using Kotlin List(). By definition, it looks like this−inline fun List(    size: Int,    init: (index: Int) -> T ): ListAs we pass an initial default value, ... Read More